прити

Forms

прити (priti) pf^[1] Also spelled приити.^[2][3]

Etymology

It is inherited from Proto-Slavic *prijьti (“to approach; to arrive, come”), from the prefix *pri- and *jьti (“to go”); in OCS it is при + ити.^[1] The same verb is Russian прийти (prijti), Ukrainian прийти (pryjty), Serbo-Croatian prȋći, Czech přijít, Slovak prísť and Polish przyjść.^[1]

The preposition and prefix *pri has an exact counterpart in Lithuanian prie, Latvian prie- and Old Prussian prei, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *prei;^[4] ESJS thinks it most likely a form of *pre extended by -i, one of the Indo-European prepositions with p and r.^[4] The verb *jьti goes back to Proto-Indo-European *h₁ey- (“to go”), with Lithuanian eiti (“to go”), Latin eō and Ancient Greek εἶμι (eîmi).^[5][6][1][7]

Earliest recorded meaning

The verb is in the oldest Gospel manuscripts, for Ancient Greek ἔρχομαι (érkhomai) and its compounds; its imperative renders Ancient Greek δεῦρο (deûro): приди, ходи въ слѣдъ мене “come, follow me” (Mc 10, 21 Zogr Mar).^[2][8]

Semantic evolution

Besides “to come, arrive”, the canonical texts use it for being present, translating Ancient Greek πάρειμι (páreimi) and παραγίγνεσθαι, and in the sense “to come to, fall into” a state.^[2] The SNSP counts more than 1,800 examples, and SlaVaComp finds it in the Euchologium for ἔρχεσθαι, παραγίγνεσθαι, προσέρχεσθαι and δεῦτε.^[8][9]

Timeline

• End of the 9th – beginning of the 10th century – прити renders ἔρχεσθαι and παραγίγνεσθαι in the Euchologium Sinaiticum.^[9]
• 14th century – the Serbian Athonite translation of Gregory of Nyssa uses it for ἐπιχωριάζω.^[9]

Meanings

Verb

1. to come, to arrive; for ἔρχεσθαι, παραγίγνεσθαι, ἥκειν.^[2][8][1]
2. (imperative) come!; for δεῦρο, δεῦτε.^[2]
3. to be present; for παρεῖναι.^[2][9]
4. to come to something, to fall into (a state); to reach.^[2][1]

Related words

• ити
• при

Usage notes

Vasmer records a different verb of the same spelling, прити “to care for”, for προνοεῖν and φροντίζειν in the Codex Suprasliensis; it belongs with Russian приять (prijatʹ) and goes back to *prijati.^[10]

References

1. ^ a b c d e f Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
2. ^ a b c d e f g Kurz, Josef; Hauptová, Zoe (eds.) (1958–1997), Slovník jazyka staroslověnského / Lexicon linguae palaeoslovenicae, 4 vols. + supplements, Praha: Academia; digital ed. gorazd.org
3. ^ Sadnik, Linda; Aitzetmüller, Rudolf (1955), Handwörterbuch zu den altkirchenslavischen Texten, Heidelberg: Winter / 's-Gravenhage: Mouton, p. 104
4. ^ a b Havlová, Eva; Erhart, Adolf; Janyšková, Ilona (eds.) (1989–2022), Etymologický slovník jazyka staroslověnského, 21 fascicles, Praha: Academia / Brno: Tribun EU, p. 711
5. ^ Havlová, Eva; Erhart, Adolf; Janyšková, Ilona (eds.) (1989–2022), Etymologický slovník jazyka staroslověnského, 21 fascicles, Praha: Academia / Brno: Tribun EU, p. 256
6. ^ Derksen, Rick (2008), Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon, Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series 4, Leiden / Boston: Brill, p. 216
7. ^ Sadnik, Linda; Aitzetmüller, Rudolf (1955), Handwörterbuch zu den altkirchenslavischen Texten, Heidelberg: Winter / 's-Gravenhage: Mouton, p. 247
8. ^ a b c Slovník nejstarších staroslověnských památek (digital ed., Gorazd, Slovanský ústav AV ČR, gorazd.org); cf. Cejtlin, R. M.; Večerka, R.; Blagova, É. (eds.) (1994), Staroslavjanskij slovar' (po rukopisjam X–XI vekov), Moskva: Russkij jazyk
9. ^ a b c d SlaVaComp Metaglossar Griechisch–Kirchenslavisch, Universität Freiburg, slavistik-portal.de
10. ^ Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), Ètimologičeskij slovar' russkogo jazyka, transl. and suppl. by O. N. Trubačev, 4 vols., Moskva: Progress, p. 3, 369