pristi

Forms

pristi^[1]

• Cunia heads it pristi or priste;^[2] Wiktionary gives the alternative forms priste, pisti and piste.^[1]
• Other spellings: PRÍSTE in Papahagi's dictionary;^[3] p(r)isti in Dalametra's^[4] and prísti in Mihăileanu's Romanian-based spelling;^[5] pisti in Weigand's glossary.^[6]
• Pascu records pisti in Dalametra, Papahagi, Mihăileanu and Obedenaru, pristi in Dalametra, Papahagi and Mihăileanu, priste in Papahagi's later texts, and preste in Boiagi's grammar.^[7]

Etymology

It is from Latin per (“through”) + extrā (“outside, beyond”), according to Papahagi and Pascu.^[3][7] Wiktionary derives it instead from per and super (“over, above”).^[1] For the Romanian word, Ciorănescu reports both views: per + super, directly or through an older Romanian compound, which was probably confused with per + extrā.^[8]

It is shared with Romanian peste, Megleno-Romanian pristi and Istro-Romanian príste.^[8][9][10]

Latin per continues Proto-Italic *peri (“through, across”) and Proto-Indo-European *péri (“across”).^[11] Latin extrā is formed from exter (“outer”).^[12]

Earliest recorded meaning

The oldest dated form is preste in Boiagi's grammar of 1813, which Pascu lists with the other forms of the preposition meaning "over, above; beyond".^[7]

Semantic evolution

Papahagi's quotations show the main senses: "over, on top of" (prísti nis si-arúcă "he throws himself on him"), "beyond" (prísti misúră "beyond measure"), and "during" (prísti noáptea "in the night").^[3] Cunia adds "on the other side of" and "more than".^[2] Mihăileanu's example pristi casă feçe unu chioșcu means "on top of the house he built a wooden terrace".^[5]

Timeline

• 1813 – preste in Boiagi's grammar, as cited by Pascu.^[7]
• 1894 – pisti “over” in Weigand's glossary.^[6]
• 1901 – prísti “over” in Mihăileanu's dictionary.^[5]
• 1906 – p(r)isti in Dalametra's dictionary.^[4]

Meanings

Preposition

1. Over, above, on top of.^[2][3][1]
2. On the other side of, across.^[2]
3. Beyond, more than.^[2][3][4]
4. During, in the course of (a time).^[2][3]

Related words

• Romanian peste

References

1. ^ a b c d Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
2. ^ a b c d e f Cunia, Tiberius (2008), Dictsiunar a limbãljei armãneascã, Editsii Timpurarã (after T. Papahagi, Ș. Mihăileanu and I. Dalametra; online at dixionline.net), p. 851
3. ^ a b c d e f Papahagi, Tache (1974), Dicționarul dialectului aromân, general și etimologic, 2nd augmented ed., București: Editura Academiei Republicii Socialiste România, p. 1015
4. ^ a b c Dalametra, I. (1906), Dicționar macedo-român, București: Academia Română, p. 176
5. ^ a b c Mihăileanu, Ștefan (1901), Dicționar macedo-român, București, p. 425
6. ^ a b Weigand, Gustav (1894), Die Aromunen: ethnographisch-philologisch-historische Untersuchungen, vol. II: Volksliteratur der Aromunen (with a glossary), Leipzig: J. A. Barth, p. 325
7. ^ a b c d Pascu, Giorge (1925), Dictionnaire étymologique macédoroumain, 2 vols. (I: Les éléments latins et romans; II: Les éléments grecs, turcs, slaves, albanais, germaniques, magyars, néologismes, créations immédiates, obscurs), Iași: Cultura Națională, p. 1, 161
8. ^ a b Ciorănescu, Alexandru (1958–1966), Diccionario etimológico rumano, La Laguna: Universidad de La Laguna (Romanian ed.: Dicționarul etimologic al limbii române, București: Saeculum, 2001)
9. ^ Capidan, Theodor (1935), Meglenoromânii III: Dicționar meglenoromân, București: Academia Română, p. 235
10. ^ Kovačec, August (1998), Istrorumunjsko-hrvatski rječnik (s gramatikom i tekstovima), Pula
11. ^ de Vaan, Michiel (2008), Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages, Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series 7, Leiden; Boston: Brill
12. ^ Glare, P. G. W., ed. (2012), Oxford Latin Dictionary, 2nd ed., Oxford: Oxford University Press