transplant

Forms

transplant n (plural transplanturi)^[1]

Etymology

It is a recent medical term, borrowed from French transplant, with English transplant as a second source.^[2][3][4][5] DEX and Marcu name only French, and Wiktionary too.^[6][7][1] It belongs with the older verb transplanta and its noun transplantare, of which MDA2 and DEX 1998 give it as a synonym.^[2][8]

Earliest recorded meaning

The first record is in the Gazeta literară of 1968: Romanian surgeons had carried out another heart transplant.^[2][3] The same year the magazine Flacăra reported a world congress in New York on the transplanting of organs.^[3][9]

Semantic evolution

The word names both the operation and the organ or tissue that is grafted.^[6][2] A figurative sense, “a transfer from one field to another”, appeared at once: in 1968 the press called the Surveyor 7 probe another transplant of human intelligence and perseverance.^[9][7] NODEX also records a rare sense, the replanting of a plant elsewhere.^[5] The plural is transplanturi, less often transplante.^[3][5]

Timeline

• 1968 – a heart transplant in the Gazeta literară, the first record.^[2][3]
• 1968 – the figurative sense “transfer” in the press.^[9]
• 1977 – transplantologie, the study of transplants.^[9][10]

Meanings

Noun

1. (medicine) An organ or tissue taken from a body and grafted elsewhere in the same body or in another one.^[6][2]
2. (medicine) A transplant, the surgical operation that replaces a diseased organ or tissue with a healthy one from a donor.^[6][1]
3. (figurative) A transfer from one field to another.^[7][9]
4. (rare) Replanting a plant in another place.^[5]

Word family

• transplantologie

Related words

• transplanta
• transplantare

References

1. ^ a b c Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
2. ^ a b c d e f Academia Română, Institutul de Lingvistică „Iorgu Iordan – Al. Rosetti” (2010), Micul dicționar academic, 2nd ed., 4 vols., București: Univers Enciclopedic Gold, p. 2, 1257
3. ^ a b c d e Academia Română (1965–2010), Dicționarul limbii române (DLR), serie nouă, tom I–XIX, București: Editura Academiei Române, p. s.v. transplant
4. ^ Marcu, Florin; Maneca, Constant (1986), Dicționar de neologisme, 3rd ed., București: Editura Academiei Republicii Socialiste România, p. s.v. transplant
5. ^ a b c d Academia Română, Institutul de Lingvistică „Iorgu Iordan – Al. Rosetti” (2002), Noul dicționar explicativ al limbii române, București: Litera Internațional, p. s.v. transplant
6. ^ a b c d DEX (2009), Dicționarul explicativ al limbii române [Explanatory dictionary of the Romanian language], Bucharest: Editura Univers Enciclopedic, p. 1139
7. ^ a b c Marcu, Florin (2000), Marele dicționar de neologisme, București: Saeculum Vizual, p. s.v. transplant
8. ^ Academia Română, Institutul de Lingvistică „Iorgu Iordan” (1998), Dicționarul explicativ al limbii române, 2nd ed., București: Univers Enciclopedic, p. 1105
9. ^ a b c d e Dimitrescu, Florica (1997), Dicționar de cuvinte recente, 2nd ed., București: Logos (with the 3rd ed., 2013, in CLRE), p. s.v. transplánt
10. ^ Costăchescu, Adriana; Dincă, Daniela; Dragoste, Ramona; Popescu, Mihaela; Scurtu, Gabriela (2009–2010), Dicționar de împrumuturi lexicale din limba franceză (DILF), 2 vols., Craiova: Universitaria, p. s.v. transplant