rezident

Forms

rezident m or n (feminine singular rezidentă, masculine plural rezidenți, feminine/neuter plural rezidente)^[1] Old variants include răzădent in Neculce, „Un răzădent a lui Tucul-grof” “a resident of Tucul-grof”, and rezedent in Cantemir, „Rezedentul împăratului nemțesc” “the German emperor's resident”.^[2][3]

Etymology

It is borrowed from Latin residēns; the dictionaries name German Resident and French résident as sources together with the Latin word.^{[4][3][5][2][1]} Marcu and Maneca name Italian residente beside the French word.^[6]

The French word, recorded from 1260, was borrowed from the Latin participle, which belongs to resideō (“to remain seated, stay”), from re- and sedeō (“to sit”).^[7]

Earliest recorded meaning

Tiktin's first record is Nicolae Costin's chronicle, about 1710, in the diplomatic sense: Basarab Vodă „așa-și avea rezident acolo” “thus had his resident there”.^[4][2] MDA2's year 1601 is the end date in the chronicle's title.^[3]

Semantic evolution

In the 18th-century chronicles the word names the envoy of a foreign ruler: Axinte Uricariul writes of the Swedish king's resident and Cantemir of the German emperor's.^[2] Scriban (1939) also lists the title of French colonial officials and of a governor of a Romanian region from 1939,^[8] and the neologism dictionaries add the representative of a central government in a colony or protectorate.^[6][9] The adjective “settled in another country” followed,^[5] and in the 1990s the press used it for a medical graduate training in a hospital.^[10][9]

Timeline

• c. 1710 – in Nicolae Costin's chronicle, the first record.^[4]
• 18th century – răzădent in Neculce and rezedent in Cantemir.^[2]
• 1939 – the title of a regional governor.^[8]
• 1995 – a medical resident, in the press.^[10]

Meanings

Noun

1. A diplomatic representative ranking below a minister plenipotentiary or an ambassador: ministru rezident.^[5][3]
2. (historical) The representative of a central government in a colony or protectorate.^[6][9]
3. A person settled in a country other than his own; a resident.^[5]
4. (medicine) A medical graduate doing advanced training in a hospital: medic rezident.^[3][10]

Adjective

1. Of citizens: settled and domiciled in another country.^[5][3]

Related words

• rezidență
• rezida

References

1. ^ a b c Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
2. ^ a b c d e Academia Română (1965–2010), Dicționarul limbii române (DLR), serie nouă, tom I–XIX, București: Editura Academiei Române, p. s.v. rezident
3. ^ a b c d e f Academia Română, Institutul de Lingvistică „Iorgu Iordan – Al. Rosetti” (2010), Micul dicționar academic, 2nd ed., 4 vols., București: Univers Enciclopedic Gold, p. 2, 706
4. ^ a b c Tiktin, Hariton (2000–2005), Rumänisch-deutsches Wörterbuch, 3rd ed., revised by Paul Miron and Elsa Lüder, 3 vols., Cluj-Napoca: Clusium, p. s.v. rezident
5. ^ a b c d e DEX (2009), Dicționarul explicativ al limbii române [Explanatory dictionary of the Romanian language], Bucharest: Editura Univers Enciclopedic, p. 953
6. ^ a b c Marcu, Florin; Maneca, Constant (1986), Dicționar de neologisme, 3rd ed., București: Editura Academiei Republicii Socialiste România, p. s.v. rezident
7. ^ Rey, Alain, ed. (1992), Dictionnaire historique de la langue française, Paris: Le Robert, p. s.v. résident
8. ^ a b Scriban, August (1939), Dicționaru limbii românești (etimologii, înțelesuri, exemple, citațiuni, arhaizme, neologizme, provincializme), Iași: Presa Bună, p. 1126
9. ^ a b c Marcu, Florin (2000), Marele dicționar de neologisme, București: Saeculum Vizual, p. s.v. rezident
10. ^ a b c Dimitrescu, Florica (1997), Dicționar de cuvinte recente, 2nd ed., București: Logos (with the 3rd ed., 2013, in CLRE), p. s.v. rezident