Etymologically

Etymology and origin of the Romanian word respira

Confidence
Established
Formation
Borrowing
First attested
c. 1832 Golescu's Condica More words from the 19th century
Borrowed from
French respirer
Ultimate origin
Latin spīrō
Etymology tree
inherited borrowed derived
Latin spīrō
Italian spirare
Latin respīrō
English respire
French respirer
Romanian respira
Italian respirare
Spanish respirar
The word's journey
From the same root
English transpire ← spīrō
Latin aspīrō ← spīrō
Latin cōnspīrō ← spīrō
Latin exspīrō ← spīrō
Latin īnspīrō ← spīrō
Latin spīrāculum ← spīrō
Latin spīrāmentum ← spīrō
Latin spīritus ← spīrō
Latin suspīrō ← spīrō
Latin trānspīrō ← spīrō
Romanian suspina ← spīrō
Spanish espíritu ← spīrō
Spanish inspirar ← spīrō
Latin respīrātiō ← respīrō
Latin respīrātus ← respīrō
Italian respiro ← respirare

Pronunciation

  • /res.piˈra/[1]

Forms

respira (third-person singular present respiră, past participle respirat, third-person subjunctive respire) 1st conjugation[1] MDA2 records an old variant răspira and an old third person respirează.[2]

Etymology

It is borrowed from French respirer and Latin respīrō (“to breathe out, breathe again”), as MDA2, the DLR and NODEX give it;[2][3][4][5][1] DEX and Wiktionary also name Italian respirare.[2][3][4][5][1] Tiktin names only French, and the DLRM puts the Latin word behind the French one.[6][7] The Latin verb is formed with re- (“back, again”) on spīrō (“to breathe, blow”).[8][9]

Graur lists it with aspira, conspira, expira and inspira, other Romanian loans of the same Latin family.[10]

Earliest recorded meaning

The first record is in I. Golescu's Condica limbii rumânești, a manuscript dictionary of about 1832.[2][6][3]

Semantic evolution

Negulici's dictionary of 1848 explains it by the native răsufla.[11] Pontbriant in 1862 adds the figurative senses “to rest, to recover”.[12] In Negruzzi the traveller breathes more easily once past Podu Iloaiei.[6] Șăineanu records “to show, to give off” (totul respiră bucurie “everything breathes joy”) and “to long for” (respiră răzbunare “breathes revenge”).[13] MDA2 has the phrase a-și respira sufletul “to breathe one's last”.[2]

Timeline

  • c. 1832 – first record, in Golescu's Condica.[2][6]
  • 1848 – in Negulici's dictionary of neologisms.[11]
  • 1862 – the figurative “to rest, recover” in Pontbriant.[12]

Meanings

Verb

  1. To breathe: to take air into the lungs and send it out again; transitively, to inhale.[5][2]
  2. (figurative) To recover, to feel relieved after a fright or an effort: după examen a respirat ușurat “after the exam he breathed again”.[2][14]
  3. (figurative) To give off, to spread (a feeling, an idea).[5][2]

References

  1. ^ a b c d Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h i Academia Română, Institutul de Lingvistică „Iorgu Iordan – Al. Rosetti” (2010), Micul dicționar academic, 2nd ed., 4 vols., București: Univers Enciclopedic Gold, p. 2, 696
  3. ^ a b c Academia Română (1965–2010), Dicționarul limbii române (DLR), serie nouă, tom I–XIX, București: Editura Academiei Române, p. s.v. respira
  4. ^ a b Academia Română, Institutul de Lingvistică „Iorgu Iordan – Al. Rosetti” (2002), Noul dicționar explicativ al limbii române, București: Litera Internațional
  5. ^ a b c d DEX (2009), Dicționarul explicativ al limbii române [Explanatory dictionary of the Romanian language], Bucharest: Editura Univers Enciclopedic, p. 947
  6. ^ a b c d Tiktin, Hariton (2000–2005), Rumänisch-deutsches Wörterbuch, 3rd ed., revised by Paul Miron and Elsa Lüder, 3 vols., Cluj-Napoca: Clusium, p. s.v. respira
  7. ^ Academia Republicii Populare Romîne (1958), Dicționarul limbii romîne moderne, București: Editura Academiei Republicii Populare Romîne
  8. ^ Nocentini, Alberto; Parenti, Alessandro (2010), l'Etimologico: vocabolario della lingua italiana, Firenze: Le Monnier
  9. ^ Rey, Alain, ed. (1992), Dictionnaire historique de la langue française, Paris: Le Robert
  10. ^ Graur, Alexandru (1980), Cuvinte înrudite, București: Editura Științifică și Enciclopedică, p. 95
  11. ^ a b Negulici, I. D. (1848), Vocabular romînesc de toate vorbele streine întroduse pînă acum în limba romînească și de toate cuvintele ce s-ar mai putea introduce încă, București
  12. ^ a b Pontbriant, Raoul de (1862), Dictiunaru romano-francesu, Bucuresci: A. Ulrich / Göttingen: Dieterich
  13. ^ Șăineanu, Lazăr (1929), Dicționar universal al limbei române, 6th ed., Craiova: Scrisul Românesc, p. 546
  14. ^ Marcu, Florin; Maneca, Constant (1986), Dicționar de neologisme, 3rd ed., București: Editura Academiei Republicii Socialiste România

Related etymologies

  • cap · also from French
  • dura · also from French
  • pur · also from French
  • pană · also from French
  • pat · also from French
  • masă · also from French
  • lac · also from French
  • primar · also from French
Cite this entry

“Respira.” Etymologically, 12 Nov. 2026, etymologically.com/ro/respira. Accessed 12 Nov. 2026.

Last edited on . ·