Etymology and origin of the Romanian word respira
- Confidence
- Established
- Formation
- Borrowing
- First attested
- c. 1832 Golescu's Condica More words from the 19th century
- Borrowed from
- French respirer
- Ultimate origin
- Latin spīrō
Etymology tree
From the same root
Pronunciation
- /res.piˈra/[1]
Forms
respira (third-person singular present respiră, past participle respirat, third-person subjunctive respire) 1st conjugation[1] MDA2 records an old variant răspira and an old third person respirează.[2]
Etymology
It is borrowed from French respirer and Latin respīrō (“to breathe out, breathe again”), as MDA2, the DLR and NODEX give it;[2][3][4][5][1] DEX and Wiktionary also name Italian respirare.[2][3][4][5][1] Tiktin names only French, and the DLRM puts the Latin word behind the French one.[6][7] The Latin verb is formed with re- (“back, again”) on spīrō (“to breathe, blow”).[8][9]
Graur lists it with aspira, conspira, expira and inspira, other Romanian loans of the same Latin family.[10]
Earliest recorded meaning
The first record is in I. Golescu's Condica limbii rumânești, a manuscript dictionary of about 1832.[2][6][3]
Semantic evolution
Negulici's dictionary of 1848 explains it by the native răsufla.[11] Pontbriant in 1862 adds the figurative senses “to rest, to recover”.[12] In Negruzzi the traveller breathes more easily once past Podu Iloaiei.[6] Șăineanu records “to show, to give off” (totul respiră bucurie “everything breathes joy”) and “to long for” (respiră răzbunare “breathes revenge”).[13] MDA2 has the phrase a-și respira sufletul “to breathe one's last”.[2]
Timeline
- c. 1832 – first record, in Golescu's Condica.[2][6]
- 1848 – in Negulici's dictionary of neologisms.[11]
- 1862 – the figurative “to rest, recover” in Pontbriant.[12]
Meanings
Verb
- To breathe: to take air into the lungs and send it out again; transitively, to inhale.[5][2]
- (figurative) To recover, to feel relieved after a fright or an effort: după examen a respirat ușurat “after the exam he breathed again”.[2][14]
- (figurative) To give off, to spread (a feeling, an idea).[5][2]
Related words
- inspira
- expira
- aspira
- spirit
References
- ^ a b c d Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
- ^ a b c d e f g h i Academia Română, Institutul de Lingvistică „Iorgu Iordan – Al. Rosetti” (2010), Micul dicționar academic, 2nd ed., 4 vols., București: Univers Enciclopedic Gold, p. 2, 696
- ^ a b c Academia Română (1965–2010), Dicționarul limbii române (DLR), serie nouă, tom I–XIX, București: Editura Academiei Române, p. s.v. respira
- ^ a b Academia Română, Institutul de Lingvistică „Iorgu Iordan – Al. Rosetti” (2002), Noul dicționar explicativ al limbii române, București: Litera Internațional
- ^ a b c d DEX (2009), Dicționarul explicativ al limbii române [Explanatory dictionary of the Romanian language], Bucharest: Editura Univers Enciclopedic, p. 947
- ^ a b c d Tiktin, Hariton (2000–2005), Rumänisch-deutsches Wörterbuch, 3rd ed., revised by Paul Miron and Elsa Lüder, 3 vols., Cluj-Napoca: Clusium, p. s.v. respira
- ^ Academia Republicii Populare Romîne (1958), Dicționarul limbii romîne moderne, București: Editura Academiei Republicii Populare Romîne
- ^ Nocentini, Alberto; Parenti, Alessandro (2010), l'Etimologico: vocabolario della lingua italiana, Firenze: Le Monnier
- ^ Rey, Alain, ed. (1992), Dictionnaire historique de la langue française, Paris: Le Robert
- ^ Graur, Alexandru (1980), Cuvinte înrudite, București: Editura Științifică și Enciclopedică, p. 95
- ^ a b Negulici, I. D. (1848), Vocabular romînesc de toate vorbele streine întroduse pînă acum în limba romînească și de toate cuvintele ce s-ar mai putea introduce încă, București
- ^ a b Pontbriant, Raoul de (1862), Dictiunaru romano-francesu, Bucuresci: A. Ulrich / Göttingen: Dieterich
- ^ Șăineanu, Lazăr (1929), Dicționar universal al limbei române, 6th ed., Craiova: Scrisul Românesc, p. 546
- ^ Marcu, Florin; Maneca, Constant (1986), Dicționar de neologisme, 3rd ed., București: Editura Academiei Republicii Socialiste România
Related etymologies
Cite this entry
“Respira.” Etymologically, 12 Nov. 2026, etymologically.com/ro/respira. Accessed 12 Nov. 2026.
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