Etymology and origin of the Romanian word greșit
- Confidence
- Established
- Formation
- Derivation
- First attested
- c. 1500–1520 Psaltirea Hurmuzaki More words from the 15th century
- Ultimate origin
- Old Church Slavonic грѣшити
Forms
greșit m or n (feminine singular greșită, masculine plural greșiți, feminine/neuter plural greșite)[1]
Etymology
Used as an adjective, it is the past participle from Romanian greși (“to err, to sin”).[1][2][3] The verb was borrowed from Old Church Slavonic грѣшити (grěšiti, “to sin”), from Proto-Slavic *grěšiti.[1][4][2] For the verb Ciorănescu compares Aromanian agîrșescu and Megleno-Romanian grișos.[4]
Earliest recorded meaning
The earliest psalter, the Psaltirea Hurmuzaki of the early 16th century, uses the participle as a noun, greșiții, greșiților “the sinners”, as at Psalm 9:39.[5] Tiktin's first record is from Coresi in 1559, and MDA2's from the Psaltirea Scheiană of about 1573–1578.[6][2]
Semantic evolution
The oldest sense is moral: one who has sinned or is at fault.[5][2] Scriban cites the Lord's Prayer, „precum și noi iertăm greșiților noștri” “as we forgive those who trespass against us”, and Costinescu notes that in Scripture greșiții stands for “sinners”.[7][8] The Lexicon de la Buda of 1825 still glosses it only with Latin delinquens, sons “guilty”.[9] Tiktin records fete greșite “fallen girls” and, rarely, the noun “debtor”.[6]
The sense “erroneous, wrong”, of a thing badly done or a mistaken view, is the main one in Costinescu's dictionary of 1870 and in Scriban, and DEX now labels the moral sense old and regional.[8][7][3] The negative negreșit became an adverb meaning “certainly, without fail”.[6]
Timeline
- c. 1500–1520 – greșiții “the sinners” in the Psaltirea Hurmuzaki.[5]
- 1559 – in a print of Coresi.[6]
- c. 1573–1578 – in the Psaltirea Scheiană.[2]
- 1825 – the Lexicon de la Buda: “guilty, at fault”.[9]
- 1870 – Costinescu: “erroneous, failed, false”.[8]
Meanings
Adjective
- wrong, incorrect, erroneous: un calcul greșit, o adresă greșită.[3][10][1]
- (of a blow or shot) That missed its target.[2]
- (old, regional) guilty of a fault; having sinned.[3][2]
Adverb
Word family
- negreșit
Related words
- greși
- greșeală
References
- ^ a b c d Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
- ^ a b c d e f g Academia Română, Institutul de Lingvistică „Iorgu Iordan – Al. Rosetti” (2010), Micul dicționar academic, 2nd ed., 4 vols., București: Univers Enciclopedic Gold, p. 1, 1022
- ^ a b c d DEX (2009), Dicționarul explicativ al limbii române [Explanatory dictionary of the Romanian language], Bucharest: Editura Univers Enciclopedic, p. 450
- ^ a b Ciorănescu, Alexandru (1958–1966), Diccionario etimológico rumano, La Laguna: Universidad de La Laguna (Romanian ed.: Dicționarul etimologic al limbii române, București: Saeculum, 2001), p. s.v. greși
- ^ a b c Gînsac, Ana-Maria; Ungureanu, Mădălina; Moruz, Alexandru et al., roPsalt: Re-evaluating the Sixteenth Century Romanian Psalters (aligned corpus), Iași: Universitatea „Alexandru Ioan Cuza”, https://scriptadacoromanica.ro, p. Ps 9:39
- ^ a b c d e Tiktin, Hariton (2000–2005), Rumänisch-deutsches Wörterbuch, 3rd ed., revised by Paul Miron and Elsa Lüder, 3 vols., Cluj-Napoca: Clusium, p. s.v. greșit
- ^ a b Scriban, August (1939), Dicționaru limbii românești (etimologii, înțelesuri, exemple, citațiuni, arhaizme, neologizme, provincializme), Iași: Presa Bună, p. 575
- ^ a b c Costinescu, Ion (1870), Vocabularu romano-francesu, 2 vols., Bucuresci, p. 1, 501
- ^ a b Lesicon românescu-latinescu-ungurescu-nemțescu quare de mai mulți autori, în cursul a trideci și mai multor ani s-au lucrat (1825), Buda: Typographia Universității (the Lexicon of Buda, ed. Petru Maior et al.), p. 244
- ^ a b Macrea, Dimitrie; Petrovici, Emil (coord.) (1955–1957), Dicționarul limbii romîne literare contemporane, 4 vols., București: Editura Academiei Republicii Populare Romîne, p. 2, 413
Cite this entry
“Greșit.” Etymologically, 11 Nov. 2026, etymologically.com/ro/gre%C8%99it. Accessed 12 Nov. 2026.
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