Etymologically

Etymology and origin of the Romanian word greșit

Confidence
Established
Formation
Derivation
First attested
c. 1500–1520 Psaltirea Hurmuzaki More words from the 15th century
Ultimate origin
Old Church Slavonic грѣшити

Forms

greșit m or n (feminine singular greșită, masculine plural greșiți, feminine/neuter plural greșite)[1]

Etymology

Used as an adjective, it is the past participle from Romanian greși (“to err, to sin”).[1][2][3] The verb was borrowed from Old Church Slavonic грѣшити (grěšiti, “to sin”), from Proto-Slavic *grěšiti.[1][4][2] For the verb Ciorănescu compares Aromanian agîrșescu and Megleno-Romanian grișos.[4]

Earliest recorded meaning

The earliest psalter, the Psaltirea Hurmuzaki of the early 16th century, uses the participle as a noun, greșiții, greșiților “the sinners”, as at Psalm 9:39.[5] Tiktin's first record is from Coresi in 1559, and MDA2's from the Psaltirea Scheiană of about 1573–1578.[6][2]

Semantic evolution

The oldest sense is moral: one who has sinned or is at fault.[5][2] Scriban cites the Lord's Prayer, „precum și noi iertăm greșiților noștri” “as we forgive those who trespass against us”, and Costinescu notes that in Scripture greșiții stands for “sinners”.[7][8] The Lexicon de la Buda of 1825 still glosses it only with Latin delinquens, sons “guilty”.[9] Tiktin records fete greșite “fallen girls” and, rarely, the noun “debtor”.[6]

The sense “erroneous, wrong”, of a thing badly done or a mistaken view, is the main one in Costinescu's dictionary of 1870 and in Scriban, and DEX now labels the moral sense old and regional.[8][7][3] The negative negreșit became an adverb meaning “certainly, without fail”.[6]

Timeline

  • c. 1500–1520 – greșiții “the sinners” in the Psaltirea Hurmuzaki.[5]
  • 1559 – in a print of Coresi.[6]
  • c. 1573–1578 – in the Psaltirea Scheiană.[2]
  • 1825 – the Lexicon de la Buda: “guilty, at fault”.[9]
  • 1870 – Costinescu: “erroneous, failed, false”.[8]

Meanings

Adjective

  1. wrong, incorrect, erroneous: un calcul greșit, o adresă greșită.[3][10][1]
  2. (of a blow or shot) That missed its target.[2]
  3. (old, regional) guilty of a fault; having sinned.[3][2]

Adverb

  1. wrongly, incorrectly: A scris greșit numele.[10][6]

Word family

  • negreșit

References

  1. ^ a b c d Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
  2. ^ a b c d e f g Academia Română, Institutul de Lingvistică „Iorgu Iordan – Al. Rosetti” (2010), Micul dicționar academic, 2nd ed., 4 vols., București: Univers Enciclopedic Gold, p. 1, 1022
  3. ^ a b c d DEX (2009), Dicționarul explicativ al limbii române [Explanatory dictionary of the Romanian language], Bucharest: Editura Univers Enciclopedic, p. 450
  4. ^ a b Ciorănescu, Alexandru (1958–1966), Diccionario etimológico rumano, La Laguna: Universidad de La Laguna (Romanian ed.: Dicționarul etimologic al limbii române, București: Saeculum, 2001), p. s.v. greși
  5. ^ a b c Gînsac, Ana-Maria; Ungureanu, Mădălina; Moruz, Alexandru et al., roPsalt: Re-evaluating the Sixteenth Century Romanian Psalters (aligned corpus), Iași: Universitatea „Alexandru Ioan Cuza”, https://scriptadacoromanica.ro, p. Ps 9:39
  6. ^ a b c d e Tiktin, Hariton (2000–2005), Rumänisch-deutsches Wörterbuch, 3rd ed., revised by Paul Miron and Elsa Lüder, 3 vols., Cluj-Napoca: Clusium, p. s.v. greșit
  7. ^ a b Scriban, August (1939), Dicționaru limbii românești (etimologii, înțelesuri, exemple, citațiuni, arhaizme, neologizme, provincializme), Iași: Presa Bună, p. 575
  8. ^ a b c Costinescu, Ion (1870), Vocabularu romano-francesu, 2 vols., Bucuresci, p. 1, 501
  9. ^ a b Lesicon românescu-latinescu-ungurescu-nemțescu quare de mai mulți autori, în cursul a trideci și mai multor ani s-au lucrat (1825), Buda: Typographia Universității (the Lexicon of Buda, ed. Petru Maior et al.), p. 244
  10. ^ a b Macrea, Dimitrie; Petrovici, Emil (coord.) (1955–1957), Dicționarul limbii romîne literare contemporane, 4 vols., București: Editura Academiei Republicii Populare Romîne, p. 2, 413
Cite this entry

“Greșit.” Etymologically, 11 Nov. 2026, etymologically.com/ro/gre%C8%99it. Accessed 12 Nov. 2026.

Last edited on . ·