Etymology and origin of the Romanian word ghinduros
- Confidence
- Probable
- Formation
- Derivation
- First attested
- 1822–1823 Bobb's dictionary More words from the 19th century
- Ultimate origin
- Latin glans
Etymology tree
From the same root
Pronunciation
- /ɡin.duˈros/[1]
Forms
ghinduros m or n (feminine singular ghinduroasă, masculine plural ghinduroși, feminine/neuter plural ghinduroase)[1]
Etymology
It is formed from Romanian ghindură + -os according to MDA2 and NODEX, and Ciorănescu lists it among the derivatives of the noun.[2][3][4] Pușcariu and Candrea–Densusianu derive it directly from Late Latin glandulōsus (“glandular”), and the DA compares the Latin word.[4][5][6] Wiktionary gives both explanations and calls it a doublet of glandulos.[1] Its counterpart Aromanian gljinduros is likewise taken from the Latin by Pascu.[7][1]
Earliest recorded meaning
Candrea and Densusianu found it in Bobb's dictionary of 1822–1823 and in the Lexicon de la Buda of 1825, glossed French glanduleux.[5] The Lexicon gives it a second sense, lumpy or rugged, beside full of glands.[8] MDA2's first record is Piscupescu's medical handbook of 1829: „Vărsatul cel mic și ghinduros, ce-i zice pojar” “the small pox with swollen glands, which is called measles”.[2][6]
Semantic evolution
Nineteenth-century dictionaries treat it as an anatomical term: Costinescu glosses French glanduleux, Antonescu glandulaire, and Barcianu German drüsig.[9][10][11] MDA2 distinguishes full of ganglions from having swollen glands, and NODEX labels it popular.[2][3]
Timeline
- 1822–1823 – in Bobb's dictionary.[5]
- 1825 – in the Lexicon de la Buda, “glandular” and “lumpy”.[8]
- 1829 – in Piscupescu's medical handbook.[2]
- 1870 – Costinescu marks it as an anatomical term.[9]
Meanings
Adjective
Related words
- ghindă
- glandulos
- Aromanian gljinduros
References
- ^ a b c d e Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
- ^ a b c d e f Academia Română, Institutul de Lingvistică „Iorgu Iordan – Al. Rosetti” (2010), Micul dicționar academic, 2nd ed., 4 vols., București: Univers Enciclopedic Gold, p. 1, 993
- ^ a b c Academia Română, Institutul de Lingvistică „Iorgu Iordan – Al. Rosetti” (2002), Noul dicționar explicativ al limbii române, București: Litera Internațional, p. s.v. ghinduros
- ^ a b Ciorănescu, Alexandru (1958–1966), Diccionario etimológico rumano, La Laguna: Universidad de La Laguna (Romanian ed.: Dicționarul etimologic al limbii române, București: Saeculum, 2001), p. s.v. ghindură
- ^ a b c Candrea, I.-A.; Densusianu, Ov. (1907–1914), Dicționarul etimologic al limbii române: elementele latine (A–Putea), București, p. s.v. ghinduros
- ^ a b Academia Română (1913–1949), Dicționarul limbii române (DA), ed. Sextil Pușcariu, tom I (A–B, C, D–De) and tom II (F–I, J–Lojniță), București: Socec / Universul / Monitorul Oficial și Imprimeriile Statului; page scans at cflr-scans.solirom.ro, p. s.v. ghindură
- ^ Pascu, Giorge (1925), Dictionnaire étymologique macédoroumain, 2 vols. (I: Les éléments latins et romans; II: Les éléments grecs, turcs, slaves, albanais, germaniques, magyars, néologismes, créations immédiates, obscurs), Iași: Cultura Națională, p. 94
- ^ a b Lesicon românescu-latinescu-ungurescu-nemțescu quare de mai mulți autori, în cursul a trideci și mai multor ani s-au lucrat (1825), Buda: Typographia Universității (the Lexicon of Buda, ed. Petru Maior et al.), p. 237
- ^ a b Costinescu, Ion (1870), Vocabularu romano-francesu, 2 vols., Bucuresci, p. 484
- ^ Antonescu, G. M. (1875), Dictionariu romanu-francesu, Bucuresci: Typografia Curții (Lucrători Associați), p. 113
- ^ Barcianu, Sava Popovici (1886), Dicționar român-germân și germân-român, revised by D. P. Barcianu, part I: român-germân, Sibiu: Institut tipografic, p. 251
Cite this entry
“Ghinduros.” Etymologically, 12 Nov. 2026, etymologically.com/ro/ghinduros. Accessed 12 Nov. 2026.
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