Etymologically

Etymology and origin of the Romanian word cădere

Confidence
Established
Formation
Derivation
First attested
c. 1500–1520 Psaltirea Hurmuzaki More words from the 15th century
Ultimate origin
Latin cadō
Etymology tree
inherited borrowed derived
Romanian cădea
Romanian cădere
From the same root
Romanian cădință ← cădea

Forms

cădere f (plural căderi)[1]

Etymology

It is formed from Romanian cădea + -re, the long infinitive of cădea “to fall” used as a noun.[2][3][4][5][1] The verb is inherited from the Latin infinitive cadēre (“to fall”), with ⟨ē⟩ for the classical short vowel.[2] The long infinitive also lives south of the Danube: Aromanian cădeare and Megleno-Romanian cădeari.[2]

Earliest recorded meaning

The first record is in the Psaltirea Hurmuzaki of the early 16th century, at Psalm 143:17.[6] Tiktin cites it from the Psaltirea Scheiană, Psalm 105:29, and MDA2 from Coresi's Psalter of 1577.[4][3] In the old texts of Gaster's chrestomathy it means “fall”, and also “sin”, a fall from grace.[7]

Semantic evolution

Beside the physical fall, the noun took figurative senses: the fall of a city or a government, the collapse of an empire and the failure of a play.[8][9][10] Căderea Rinului “the Rhine Falls” shows the sense “waterfall”, and cădere de apă is both a waterfall and the drop in level of a stream.[9][5] Physics and medicine use cădere de potențial and cădere de tensiune.[5]

Some old senses have gone: the Lexicon of Buda of 1825 gives it as the grammatical term “case”, which CADE still lists as obsolete.[11][10] Like the reflexive se cade “it is fitting”, the noun meant “propriety, what is due” and “right, entitlement”.[4][2] The last survives in nu e în căderea lui “it is not within his competence”.[5][4] An obsolete phrase cădere de mas meant a resting place, and in the Menaion of 1776 a brothel.[4]

Timeline

  • c. 1500–1520 – the Psaltirea Hurmuzaki, the first record.[6]
  • c. 1573–1578 – the Psaltirea Scheiană.[4]
  • 1577 – Coresi's Psalter.[3]
  • 1682 – the derivative cădință “propriety; privilege”.[2]
  • 1688 – the plural căderi in the Bucharest Bible.[12]
  • 1776 – cădere de mas “brothel” in a Menaion.[4]
  • 1825 – “grammatical case” in the Lexicon of Buda.[11]

Meanings

Noun

  1. A fall, a downward movement under gravity;[5][3] cădere de apă, a waterfall or the drop in level of a stream; also the sagging of something still partly held, or the prolapse of an organ.[5][3]
  2. (physics, medicine) A drop in a quantity between two points or below the normal: cădere de tensiune.[5]
  3. The coming away of a part of an organism: căderea părului.[5][4]
  4. The overturning of a body; a collapse.[5]
  5. (figurative) The capture of a city or the overthrow of a government: căderea Troiei.[5][8]
  6. (figurative) Failure, lack of success.[5]
  7. Competence, right: Nu e în căderea mea să decid.[5][4]

References

  1. ^ a b Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
  2. ^ a b c d e Academia Română, Institutul de Lingvistică „Iorgu Iordan – Al. Rosetti” (2011–), Dicționarul etimologic al limbii române (DELR), vol. I: A–B (2011), vol. II: C (2015–2018), București: Editura Academiei Române; continued online at delr.lingv.ro, p. s.v. cădea
  3. ^ a b c d e Academia Română, Institutul de Lingvistică „Iorgu Iordan – Al. Rosetti” (2010), Micul dicționar academic, 2nd ed., 4 vols., București: Univers Enciclopedic Gold, p. 1, 317
  4. ^ a b c d e f g h i Tiktin, Hariton (2000–2005), Rumänisch-deutsches Wörterbuch, 3rd ed., revised by Paul Miron and Elsa Lüder, 3 vols., Cluj-Napoca: Clusium, p. s.v. cădere
  5. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l DEX (2009), Dicționarul explicativ al limbii române [Explanatory dictionary of the Romanian language], Bucharest: Editura Univers Enciclopedic, p. 155
  6. ^ a b Gînsac, Ana-Maria; Ungureanu, Mădălina; Moruz, Alexandru et al., roPsalt: Re-evaluating the Sixteenth Century Romanian Psalters (aligned corpus), Iași: Universitatea „Alexandru Ioan Cuza”, https://scriptadacoromanica.ro, p. Ps 143:17
  7. ^ Gaster, M. (1891), Chrestomatie română: texte tipărite și manuscrise (sec. XVI–XIX), dialectale și populare, cu o introducere, gramatică și un glosar româno-francez, vol. II, Leipzig: Brockhaus / București: Socec, p. s.v. cădere
  8. ^ a b Scriban, August (1939), Dicționaru limbii românești (etimologii, înțelesuri, exemple, citațiuni, arhaizme, neologizme, provincializme), Iași: Presa Bună, p. 243
  9. ^ a b Șăineanu, Lazăr (1929), Dicționar universal al limbei române, 6th ed., Craiova: Scrisul Românesc, p. 89
  10. ^ a b Candrea, I.-A.; Adamescu, Gh. (1926–1931), Dicționarul enciclopedic ilustrat „Cartea Românească”, București: Cartea Românească, p. s.v. cădere
  11. ^ a b Lesicon românescu-latinescu-ungurescu-nemțescu quare de mai mulți autori, în cursul a trideci și mai multor ani s-au lucrat (1825), Buda: Typographia Universității (the Lexicon of Buda, ed. Petru Maior et al.), p. 81
  12. ^ Biblia, adecă Dumnezeiasca Scriptură a ceii vechi și a ceii noao leage, București, 1688 (ed. 1988, tricentennial edition), p. Ps 109:7
Cite this entry

“Cădere.” Etymologically, 12 Nov. 2026, etymologically.com/ro/c%C4%83dere. Accessed 12 Nov. 2026.

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