Etymology and origin of the Romanian word șerpânță
- Confidence
- Disputed
- Formation
- Derivation
- First attested
- 1893 Damé's Romanian–French dictionary More words from the 19th century
- Ultimate origin
- Latin *serpes
Forms
șerpânță f (uncountable)[1] Regional variants are șerpință and the neuter șerpânț;[2][3] Pamfile and Lupescu write șărpință.[2][3]
Etymology
The DLR and MDA2 take it as a derivative from Romanian șarpe (“snake”).[3][2] Pușcariu instead proposed Vulgar Latin *serpentia, formed on serpēns (“snake”), and noted that the other plant name șerpariță is a Romanian derivative of the word for the snake.[4] The DLR and MDA2 cite his form as a comparison only.[3][2] Wiktionary takes the word from the genitive serpentis, used as a noun in early Romanian.[1] Șăineanu explains the name as “the snake's herb”.[5]
Earliest recorded meaning
MDA2 dates the first record to Damé's Romanian–French dictionary of 1893–1895.[2] The DLR names several botanical works after it, among them Brândză's flora and Panțu's dictionary of plant names.[3]
Semantic evolution
Folk botany gives the name to several herbs used in medicine.[3] In general use it is the biting stonecrop, also called șerpariță; in Bucovina it is the cross gentian; elsewhere it is the milkwort.[2][3] Panțu records șerpânță for the stonecrop at Prisaca in Câmpulung county and șerpânța for the gentian in Bucovina.[6][7] Pamfile and Lupescu record șărpință among the plants boiled for a yellow dye.[3]
Timeline
- 1893–1895 – first record, in Damé's dictionary.[2]
- 1905 – Pușcariu names it as the milkwort and proposes Latin *serpentia.[4]
- 1929 – Panțu records it for the stonecrop and the cross gentian.[6]
Meanings
Noun
- (popular) The biting stonecrop (Sedum acre); șerpariță.[2][3][6]
- (Bucovina) The cross gentian (Gentiana cruciata); fierea pământului.[2][5][7][1]
- (popular) The milkwort (Polygala vulgaris).[2][4][1]
Related words
- șarpe
- șerpariță
References
- ^ a b c d Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j Academia Română, Institutul de Lingvistică „Iorgu Iordan – Al. Rosetti” (2010), Micul dicționar academic, 2nd ed., 4 vols., București: Univers Enciclopedic Gold, p. 2, 1096
- ^ a b c d e f g h i Academia Română (1965–2010), Dicționarul limbii române (DLR), serie nouă, tom I–XIX, București: Editura Academiei Române, p. s.v. șerpânță
- ^ a b c Pușcariu, Sextil (1905), Etymologisches Wörterbuch der rumänischen Sprache I: Lateinisches Element, Heidelberg: Carl Winter, p. 143
- ^ a b Șăineanu, Lazăr (1929), Dicționar universal al limbei române, 6th ed., Craiova: Scrisul Românesc, p. 584
- ^ a b c Panțu, Zach. C. (1929), Plantele cunoscute de poporul român. Vocabular botanic cuprinzând numirile române, franceze, germane și științifice, 2nd ed., București: Editura Casei Școalelor, p. 272
- ^ a b Panțu, Zach. C. (1929), Plantele cunoscute de poporul român. Vocabular botanic cuprinzând numirile române, franceze, germane și științifice, 2nd ed., București: Editura Casei Școalelor, p. 111
Cite this entry
“Șerpânță.” Etymologically, 12 Nov. 2026, etymologically.com/ro/%C8%99erp%C3%A2n%C8%9B%C4%83. Accessed 12 Nov. 2026.
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