Etymologically

șerpânță

Etymology and origin of the Romanian word șerpânță

Confidence
Disputed
Formation
Derivation
First attested
1893 Damé's Romanian–French dictionary More words from the 19th century
Ultimate origin
Latin *serpes
Etymology tree
inherited borrowed derived
Romanian șarpe
Romanian șerpânță

Forms

șerpânță f (uncountable)[1] Regional variants are șerpință and the neuter șerpânț;[2][3] Pamfile and Lupescu write șărpință.[2][3]

Etymology

The DLR and MDA2 take it as a derivative from Romanian șarpe (“snake”).[3][2] Pușcariu instead proposed Vulgar Latin *serpentia, formed on serpēns (“snake”), and noted that the other plant name șerpariță is a Romanian derivative of the word for the snake.[4] The DLR and MDA2 cite his form as a comparison only.[3][2] Wiktionary takes the word from the genitive serpentis, used as a noun in early Romanian.[1] Șăineanu explains the name as “the snake's herb”.[5]

Earliest recorded meaning

MDA2 dates the first record to Damé's Romanian–French dictionary of 1893–1895.[2] The DLR names several botanical works after it, among them Brândză's flora and Panțu's dictionary of plant names.[3]

Semantic evolution

Folk botany gives the name to several herbs used in medicine.[3] In general use it is the biting stonecrop, also called șerpariță; in Bucovina it is the cross gentian; elsewhere it is the milkwort.[2][3] Panțu records șerpânță for the stonecrop at Prisaca in Câmpulung county and șerpânța for the gentian in Bucovina.[6][7] Pamfile and Lupescu record șărpință among the plants boiled for a yellow dye.[3]

Timeline

  • 1893–1895 – first record, in Damé's dictionary.[2]
  • 1905 – Pușcariu names it as the milkwort and proposes Latin *serpentia.[4]
  • 1929 – Panțu records it for the stonecrop and the cross gentian.[6]

Meanings

Noun

  1. (popular) The biting stonecrop (Sedum acre); șerpariță.[2][3][6]
  2. (Bucovina) The cross gentian (Gentiana cruciata); fierea pământului.[2][5][7][1]
  3. (popular) The milkwort (Polygala vulgaris).[2][4][1]

References

  1. ^ a b c d Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h i j Academia Română, Institutul de Lingvistică „Iorgu Iordan – Al. Rosetti” (2010), Micul dicționar academic, 2nd ed., 4 vols., București: Univers Enciclopedic Gold, p. 2, 1096
  3. ^ a b c d e f g h i Academia Română (1965–2010), Dicționarul limbii române (DLR), serie nouă, tom I–XIX, București: Editura Academiei Române, p. s.v. șerpânță
  4. ^ a b c Pușcariu, Sextil (1905), Etymologisches Wörterbuch der rumänischen Sprache I: Lateinisches Element, Heidelberg: Carl Winter, p. 143
  5. ^ a b Șăineanu, Lazăr (1929), Dicționar universal al limbei române, 6th ed., Craiova: Scrisul Românesc, p. 584
  6. ^ a b c Panțu, Zach. C. (1929), Plantele cunoscute de poporul român. Vocabular botanic cuprinzând numirile române, franceze, germane și științifice, 2nd ed., București: Editura Casei Școalelor, p. 272
  7. ^ a b Panțu, Zach. C. (1929), Plantele cunoscute de poporul român. Vocabular botanic cuprinzând numirile române, franceze, germane și științifice, 2nd ed., București: Editura Casei Școalelor, p. 111
Cite this entry

“Șerpânță.” Etymologically, 12 Nov. 2026, etymologically.com/ro/%C8%99erp%C3%A2n%C8%9B%C4%83. Accessed 12 Nov. 2026.

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