recente

Forms

recente m or f (plural recentes, comparable, comparative mais recente, superlative o mais recente or recentíssimo)^[1] The medieval forms are rezente (13th century), resemte and rezemte (15th century); recente is recorded from before 1587.^[2][3]

Etymology

It is inherited from Latin recēns (“fresh, new, of recent origin”), written Old Galician-Portuguese rezente in the oldest texts.^[2][1][3] Nascentes takes the modern form as learned, and in his larger dictionary as a form remade on the Latin beside the old form with ⟨z⟩.^[4][5]

The same Latin word is Galician recente, Spanish reciente and Italian recente;^[6][7][8] Spanish shortened its word to recién, as Portuguese did to recém.^[6][7][8]

The Latin adjective is analysed as re- with a stem from Proto-Indo-European *ken- (“new, fresh”), related to Ancient Greek καινός (kainós, “new”); de Vaan reconstructs *wre-kent(i)- and a root “young, new”.^[1][9]

Earliest recorded meaning

A Latin charter of 1229 already has piscatum recente “fresh fish”.^[3] In the Cantigas de Santa Maria a bon queijo rezente is “a good fresh cheese”, and the Frades Menores tell of a tongue found under the earth resemte e vermelha “fresh and red”.^[3] The first sense is “fresh, newly made”.^[3][2]

Semantic evolution

Bluteau gives both “fresh”, with queijo recente, and “that happened a short time ago”, with a recent battle and a new tomb.^[10] Morais has recente batalha and recente notícia, and the sense of time has become the main one.^[11] Brazilian poetry also uses it as an adverb, “recently”, and geology uses it for the present epoch.^[12][13]

Timeline

• 1229 – piscatum recente in a Latin charter.^[3]
• 13th century – queijo rezente in the Cantigas de Santa Maria.^[3][2]
• 15th century – the spelling rezemte.^[2]
• before 1587 – first record of the spelling recente.^[2]
• 1685 – first record of recentemente.^[14]
• 1712–1728 – Bluteau gives queijo recente and batalha recente.^[10]
• 1813 – Cunha's first date for the shortened recém.^[15]

Meanings

Adjective

1. That happened a short time ago; recent: uma descoberta recente.^[2][16][1]
2. That has existed only a short time; new, fresh.^[2][12][16]
3. Up to date, having the latest changes.^[1]
4. (geology) Of the present epoch, after the end of the Pleistocene.^[13]

Adverb

1. (literary) Recently (recentemente).^[12]

Word family

• recentemente
• recém

Related words

• Latin recēns
• Galician recente
• Spanish reciente

References

1. ^ a b c d e f g h Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
2. ^ a b c d e f g h Houaiss, Antônio; Villar, Mauro de Salles (2001), Dicionário Houaiss da língua portuguesa, Rio de Janeiro: Objetiva, p. s.v. recente
3. ^ a b c d e f g Instituto da Lingua Galega, Dicionario de dicionarios do galego medieval (DDGM), ed. Ernesto González Seoane, Santiago de Compostela: Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, https://ilg.usc.gal/ddgm, p. s.v. recente
4. ^ Nascentes, Antenor (1966), Dicionário etimológico resumido, Rio de Janeiro: Instituto Nacional do Livro, p. s.v. recente
5. ^ Nascentes, Antenor (1955), Dicionário etimológico da língua portuguesa, vol. 1: Nomes comuns, Rio de Janeiro (1st ed. 1932, preface by W. Meyer-Lübke), p. 436
6. ^ a b Corominas, Joan; Pascual, José A. (1980–1991), Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e hispánico, 6 vols., Madrid: Gredos, p. 4, 821
7. ^ a b Corominas, Joan (1973), Breve diccionario etimológico de la lengua castellana, 3rd ed., Madrid: Gredos, p. s.v. reciente
8. ^ a b Houaiss, Antônio; Villar, Mauro de Salles (2001), Dicionário Houaiss da língua portuguesa, Rio de Janeiro: Objetiva, p. s.v. recém
9. ^ de Vaan, Michiel (2008), Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages, Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series 7, Leiden; Boston: Brill
10. ^ a b Bluteau, Raphael (1712–1728), Vocabulario portuguez e latino, 8 vols. + 2 supplement vols., Coimbra / Lisboa (CLP transcription, Universidade de Aveiro), p. s.v. recente
11. ^ Silva, António de Morais (1789), Diccionario da lingua portugueza composto pelo padre D. Rafael Bluteau, reformado, e accrescentado, 2 vols., Lisboa: Simão Thaddeo Ferreira, p. 2, 294
12. ^ a b c Ferreira, Aurélio Buarque de Holanda, Novo dicionário Aurélio da língua portuguesa, digital edition, p. s.v. recente
13. ^ a b Michaelis: Moderno Dicionário da Língua Portuguesa, São Paulo: Melhoramentos (online as Michaelis Dicionário Brasileiro da Língua Portuguesa, https://michaelis.uol.com.br), p. s.v. recente
14. ^ Houaiss, Antônio; Villar, Mauro de Salles (2001), Dicionário Houaiss da língua portuguesa, Rio de Janeiro: Objetiva, p. s.v. recentemente
15. ^ Cunha, Antônio Geraldo da (2010), Dicionário etimológico da língua portuguesa, 4th ed., Rio de Janeiro: Lexikon, p. s.v. recém
16. ^ a b Porto Editora (2013), Grande Dicionário da Língua Portuguesa, Porto: Porto Editora, p. 7832