Etymology and origin of the Portuguese word escamoso
- Confidence
- Probable
- Formation
- Borrowing
- First attested
- 1500s More words from the 16th century
- Borrowed from
- Latin squamosus
- Ultimate origin
- Latin squāma
Etymology tree
From the same root
Pronunciation
Forms
escamoso (feminine escamosa, masculine plural escamosos, feminine plural escamosas, metaphonic)[1]
Etymology
It is borrowed from Latin squāmōsus (“covered with scales”), according to Houaiss, Cunha, Nascentes, Aurélio and the DLP.[2][3][4][5] The Latin adjective, already in Plautus, is formed on squāma (“scale”) with the suffix -ōsus.[6] Vieira, Michaelis and DELPo instead form it in Portuguese from escama and -oso,[7][8][9] and Wiktionary allows both.[1]
The same Latin word is Spanish escamoso, Italian squamoso and Romanian scămos.[10][11]
Earliest recorded meaning
Cunha dates the adjective to the 16th century, and Houaiss to 1611.[3][2] Bluteau quotes it from the epic Ulyssea of Gabriel Pereira de Castro, of the scaly horses that draw Neptune's chariot (Escamosos cavallos).[12]
Semantic evolution
Bluteau already has ossos escamosos as a term of anatomy,[12] and the modern dictionaries keep that use for a bone of the skull, beside the botanical sense “bearing scales”.[13][8] In Brazilian informal speech, Houaiss labels it as from São Paulo, the word has come to describe an unpleasant, unsociable person.[2][13][5]
Timeline
- 16th century – Cunha's first date.[3]
- 1611 – Houaiss's first date.[2]
- 1712–1728 – Bluteau quotes escamosos cavallos and lists ossos escamosos.[12]
- 1871–1874 – Vieira derives it from escama with the suffix -oso.[7]
Meanings
Adjective
- Covered with or full of scales; scaly, squamous.[2][13][1]
- (botany) Bearing or made of scales: um bolbo escamoso.[2][8]
- Having loose flakes or crusts; shining like scales.[5][14]
- (anatomy) Of the thin upper front part of the temporal bone.[8][15]
- (Brazil, informal) Of a person: unpleasant, unsociable, hard to deal with.[2][13][5]
Related words
References
- ^ a b c d e f Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
- ^ a b c d e f g Houaiss, Antônio; Villar, Mauro de Salles (2001), Dicionário Houaiss da língua portuguesa, Rio de Janeiro: Objetiva, p. s.v. escamoso
- ^ a b c Cunha, Antônio Geraldo da (2010), Dicionário etimológico da língua portuguesa, 4th ed., Rio de Janeiro: Lexikon, p. s.v. escama
- ^ Nascentes, Antenor (1966), Dicionário etimológico resumido, Rio de Janeiro: Instituto Nacional do Livro, p. s.v. escamoso
- ^ a b c d Academia das Ciências de Lisboa, Dicionário da Língua Portuguesa, revised online edition (2023–) of the Dicionário da Língua Portuguesa Contemporânea (2001), https://dicionario.acad-ciencias.pt, p. s.v. escamoso
- ^ Glare, P. G. W., ed. (2012), Oxford Latin Dictionary, 2nd ed., Oxford: Oxford University Press, p. s.v. squāmōsus
- ^ a b Vieira, Frei Domingos (1871–1874), Grande Diccionario Portuguez ou Thesouro da lingua portugueza, 5 vols., Porto: Ernesto Chardron e Bartholomeu H. de Moraes, p. 3, 249
- ^ a b c d Michaelis: Moderno Dicionário da Língua Portuguesa, São Paulo: Melhoramentos (online as Michaelis Dicionário Brasileiro da Língua Portuguesa, https://michaelis.uol.com.br), p. s.v. escamoso
- ^ NEHiLP – Núcleo de Apoio à Pesquisa em Etimologia e História da Língua Portuguesa, Universidade de São Paulo, DELPo: Dicionário Etimológico da Língua Portuguesa (online database), p. s.v. escamoso
- ^ Meyer-Lübke, Wilhelm (1935), Romanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch, 3rd ed., Heidelberg: Winter, p. 8202
- ^ García de Diego, Vicente (1985), Diccionario etimológico español e hispánico, 2nd ed., Madrid: Espasa-Calpe (1st ed. 1954), p. s.v. squamosus
- ^ a b c Bluteau, Raphael (1712–1728), Vocabulario portuguez e latino, 8 vols. + 2 supplement vols., Coimbra / Lisboa (CLP transcription, Universidade de Aveiro), p. s.v. escamoso
- ^ a b c d Ferreira, Aurélio Buarque de Holanda, Novo dicionário Aurélio da língua portuguesa, digital edition, p. s.v. escamoso
- ^ Porto Editora (2013), Grande Dicionário da Língua Portuguesa, Porto: Porto Editora, p. 3764
- ^ Aulete, Francisco Júlio Caldas, Dicionário contemporâneo da língua portuguesa (1st ed. 1881), online as Aulete Digital, Rio de Janeiro: Lexikon, https://aulete.com.br, p. s.v. escamoso
Related etymologies
Cite this entry
“Escamoso.” Etymologically, 15 Nov. 2026, etymologically.com/pt/escamoso. Accessed 16 Nov. 2026.
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