Etymologically

Etymology and origin of the Portuguese word alinhar

Confidence
Established
Formation
Derivation
First attested
1569 Cardoso's Portuguese–Latin dictionary More words from the 16th century
Ultimate origin
Latin līnum
Etymology tree
inherited borrowed derived
Latin līnum
French lin
Italian lino
Portuguese linho
Spanish lino
Latin līneus
French linge
Latin līnea
French ligne
Portuguese linha
Portuguese alinhar
German Linie
Italian linea
Romanian linie
Spanish línea
From the same root
Latin linteus ← līnum
Portuguese linhagem ← linho
French lingerie ← līneus
French linger ← linge
French lignage ← līnea
Latin līneālis ← līnea
Latin līneāmentum ← līnea
Latin līneāris ← līnea
Latin līneō ← līnea
French aligner ← ligne
French lignée ← ligne
Spanish alinear ← línea

Pronunciation

  • Brazil: /a.lĩˈɲa(ʁ)/, [a.lĩˈj̃a(h)][1]
  • São-Paulo: /a.lĩˈɲa(ɾ)/, [a.lĩˈj̃a(ɾ)][1]
  • Rio-de-Janeiro: /a.lĩˈɲa(ʁ)/, [a.lĩˈj̃a(χ)][1]
  • Caipira: /a.lĩˈɲa(ɻ)/, [a.lĩˈj̃a(ɻ)][1]

Forms

alinhar (first-person singular present alinho, first-person singular preterite alinhei, past participle alinhado)[1]

Etymology

It is formed from Portuguese a- + linha + -ar.[2][1][3][4] Machado derives it simply from linha.[5] DELPo compares Spanish aliñar.[6]

The noun is from Latin līnea (“linen thread, string, line”), a noun from the adjective līneus (“of flax”), from līnum (“flax”).[7]

Earliest recorded meaning

Cardoso's dictionary of 1569 already lists alinhar and renders it with Latin concinno “to arrange, put in order”.[8] Houaiss's first text is from 1596, one he cites as DBernLim, and Morais quotes the verb from Bernardes's Lima;[2][5][9] Machado found it no earlier than Viterbo's Elucidário but argued that it must be older, because the noun alinho appears in Gil Vicente in 1518.[2][5][9]

Semantic evolution

Morais (1789) gives two senses, “to draw with a cord, to set in a straight line” and “to adorn, dress up”, and quotes Bernardes's louvores mais altos do que eu alinho “higher praises than I set in order”.[10] Morais (1813) adds alinhar o estilo “to polish one's style”.[11] Vieira (1871–1874) adds the figurative “to put on the same level”.[4] Recent senses are “to join, side with” (a group, a decision), in Portugal informally “to go along with”, and sports, printing and car mechanics senses: to take part in a competition, to justify a text, to align the wheels.[2][3][12][13] Regional Portuguese uses it for splitting and boning fish and, in Moncorvo, for “to go away”.[14]

Timeline

  • 1518 – the noun alinho in Gil Vicente.[5][9]
  • 1569 – Cardoso lists alinhar.[8]
  • 1596 – Houaiss's first text record.[2]
  • 1676 – first record of desalinhado.[15]
  • 1789 – Morais's two senses; first record of alinhamento.[10][16]

Meanings

Verb

  1. (transitive, reflexive) To align, to line up: to put or place oneself in a straight line or a row: Os alunos alinharam-se à porta.[2][12][13][1]
  2. (reflexive, figurative) To put oneself on the same level as, to match.[2][17]
  3. (transitive, reflexive) To dress up, to make neat and well-groomed.[2][12]
  4. (reflexive, or with com) To side with a party, group or idea; to join (aderir).[2][12]
  5. (Portugal, informal, with em) To go along with, to take part in a joint action.[2][3][13]
  6. (sport) To take part in a competition; to play for a team.[3][13]
  7. (transitive) To set out in alignment; in printing, to justify a text; in mechanics, to align the wheels of a vehicle.[12][13]

Word family

  • alinhamento
  • alinhado
  • alinho
  • desalinhar
  • realinhar

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f g Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h i j Houaiss, Antônio; Villar, Mauro de Salles (2001), Dicionário Houaiss da língua portuguesa, Rio de Janeiro: Objetiva, p. s.v. alinhar
  3. ^ a b c d Academia das Ciências de Lisboa, Dicionário da Língua Portuguesa, revised online edition (2023–) of the Dicionário da Língua Portuguesa Contemporânea (2001), https://dicionario.acad-ciencias.pt, p. s.v. alinhar
  4. ^ a b Vieira, Frei Domingos (1871–1874), Grande Diccionario Portuguez ou Thesouro da lingua portugueza, 5 vols., Porto: Ernesto Chardron e Bartholomeu H. de Moraes, p. 1, 310
  5. ^ a b c d Machado, José Pedro (1987), Dicionário etimológico da língua portuguesa, 4th ed., 5 vols., Lisboa: Livros Horizonte, p. s.v. alinhar
  6. ^ NEHiLP – Núcleo de Apoio à Pesquisa em Etimologia e História da Língua Portuguesa, Universidade de São Paulo, DELPo: Dicionário Etimológico da Língua Portuguesa (online database), p. s.v. alinhar
  7. ^ Houaiss, Antônio; Villar, Mauro de Salles (2001), Dicionário Houaiss da língua portuguesa, Rio de Janeiro: Objetiva, p. s.v. linha
  8. ^ a b Cardoso, Jerónimo (1569–1570), Dictionarium ex lusitanico in latinum sermonem, Lisboa: João Álvares (CLP transcription, Universidade de Aveiro), p. s.v. alinhar
  9. ^ a b c Houaiss, Antônio; Villar, Mauro de Salles (2001), Dicionário Houaiss da língua portuguesa, Rio de Janeiro: Objetiva, p. s.v. alinho
  10. ^ a b Silva, António de Morais (1789), Diccionario da lingua portugueza composto pelo padre D. Rafael Bluteau, reformado, e accrescentado, 2 vols., Lisboa: Simão Thaddeo Ferreira, p. 1, 60
  11. ^ Silva, António de Morais (1813), Diccionario da lingua portugueza, 2nd ed., 2 vols., Lisboa: Typographia Lacerdina, p. 1, 96
  12. ^ a b c d e Ferreira, Aurélio Buarque de Holanda, Novo dicionário Aurélio da língua portuguesa, digital edition, p. s.v. alinhar
  13. ^ a b c d e Porto Editora (2013), Grande Dicionário da Língua Portuguesa, Porto: Porto Editora, p. 474
  14. ^ Instituto da Lingua Galega, Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués (TLPGP), Santiago de Compostela: Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, https://ilg.usc.gal/tesouro, p. s.v. alinhar
  15. ^ Houaiss, Antônio; Villar, Mauro de Salles (2001), Dicionário Houaiss da língua portuguesa, Rio de Janeiro: Objetiva, p. s.v. desalinhar
  16. ^ Houaiss, Antônio; Villar, Mauro de Salles (2001), Dicionário Houaiss da língua portuguesa, Rio de Janeiro: Objetiva, p. s.v. alinhamento
  17. ^ Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa, Lisboa: Priberam Informática, https://dicionario.priberam.org, p. s.v. alinhar

Related etymologies

Cite this entry

“Alinhar.” Etymologically, 15 Nov. 2026, etymologically.com/pt/alinhar. Accessed 16 Nov. 2026.

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