Etymologically

200s

Latin words first recorded in the 3rd century

185 Latin words whose earliest known written record dates from the 3rd century, earliest first (page 3). Words dated only to part of the century follow the ones with a year.

  1. conformitas

    300–500

    It is formed from Latin cōnfōrmis (“similar in form”) + -tās in Late Latin.

  2. constitutivus

    300–350

    It is formed from Latin cōnstitūtus + -īvus, from the past participle of cōnstituō (“to set up, establish”).

  3. contrasto

    300–399

    It is from Latin contrā (“against”) + stō (“to stand”). The TLL files it under the adverb, which is joined with this verb already in Virgil and Seneca.

  4. controversialis

    300–499

    It is from Latin contrōversia (“dispute, controversy”) + -ālis. Köbler refers it further to contrōversus (“turned against”).

  5. cora

    300–399

    It is borrowed from Ancient Greek κόρη (kórē, “girl; pupil of the eye”). The Greek word goes back to Proto-Hellenic *kórwā and, according to Wiktionary and Köbler, to Proto-Indo-European *ḱer- (“to…

  6. corrosio

    300–499

    It is formed from Latin corrōdō (“to gnaw”) + -tiō. The simple verb rōdō (“to gnaw”) goes back to Proto-Indo-European *Hreh₃d-e/o- or *ureh₃d-e/o- (“to gnaw, furrow”), though de Vaan calls the root…

  7. cystis

    300–399

    It is borrowed from Ancient Greek κύστις (kústis, “bladder, pouch”). The Greek word is of uncertain origin; Beekes reports Wackernagel's analysis as a suffix ⟨-τι-⟩ on the zero grade of…

  8. deficientia

    300–399

    It is formed from Latin dēficiēns + -ia, from the present participle of dēficiō (“to fail, be lacking”).

  9. deflexio

    300

    It is formed from Latin dēflectō + -tiō.

  10. deintro

    300–399

    It is from Latin dē (“from”) + intrō (“inside”), a Late Latin formation.

  11. descriptivus

    300–399

    It is from Latin dēscrībō (“to mark out, describe”), formed with the suffix -īvus on its past participle ⟨dēscrīptus⟩. The verb is in turn formed from dē- and scrībō (“to write”), which goes back to…

  12. despicabilis

    300–399

    It is from Latin dēspicor (“to despise”) + -bilis. Etymonline relates dēspicor to dēspiciō (“to look down on”), formed from dē- and speciō (“to look at”), which goes back to Proto-Indo-European…

  13. director

    300–399

    It is from Latin dīrigō (“to direct, guide”), with the agent suffix -tor, formed on the participle dīrēctus. It is the source, through French directeur, of Italian direttore.

  14. epilepticus

    300

    It is borrowed from Ancient Greek ἐπιληπτικός (epilēptikós, “epileptic”), from ἐπίληψις (epílēpsis, “seizure; epilepsy”), the noun of ἐπιλαμβάνω (epilambánō, “to seize”).

  15. exsistentia

    300

    It is from Latin exsistēns + -ia, from the present participle of exsistō (“to come forth, appear; to exist”), which is from Latin ex- + sistō (“to cause to stand”).

  16. exsistentialis

    300–350

    It is from Latin exsistentia (“existence”) + -ālis.

  17. extractio

    300–399

    It is from Latin extrahō (“to draw out”) + -tiō.

  18. filo

    300–399

    It is from Latin fīlum (“thread”), a verb formed from the noun. It is the source of Italian filare, French filer and Spanish hilar.

  19. fluviolus

    300–499

    It is from Latin fluvius (“river”) + -olus, a diminutive.

  20. fortifico

    300–399

    It is from Latin fortis (“strong”) + faciō (“to make”), “to make strong”.

  21. identitas

    300–350

    It is from Latin īdem (“the same”) + -tās, a calque of Ancient Greek ταὐτότης (tautótēs, “sameness”). It is built like essentitās and essentiālitās.

  22. impulsivus

    300–399

    It is formed from Latin impulsus + -īvus, from the past participle stem of impellō (“to push, drive on”).

  23. incarnatio

    300–399

    It is a noun of action from Latin incarnō (“to make flesh”) + -tiō. The verb incarnō is formed from in- and carō (“flesh”).

  24. incarno

    300–350

    It is formed from Latin in- + carō (“flesh”). The TLL compares the Late Latin verbs concarnō, incorporō and inhumānō.

  25. incorporatio

    300

    It is formed from Latin incorporō (“to embody”) + -tiō.

  26. incurabilis

    300–399

    It is from Latin in- (“not”) + cūrābilis (“curable”). The glossaries render it with Ancient Greek ἀθεράπευτος (atherápeutos).

  27. infectio

    300

    It is from Latin īnficiō (“to dye, stain, taint”) + -tiō.

  28. inheredito

    300–399

    It is from Latin in- + hērēditō (“to inherit”). Georges connects it directly with hērēs (“heir”).

  29. insertio

    300

    It is formed from Latin īnserō (“to insert”) + -tiō, and the TLL compares īnsitiō (“grafting”), with which manuscripts confuse it. Lewis & Short call it post-Classical.

  30. intuitio

    300

    It is from Latin intueor + -tiō, a noun of action formed on the past participle stem of the verb. Conte labels it Late Latin.

  31. lacca

    300–399

    1. The word for the swelling is of unknown origin. Walde suggested a link with lacertus “upper arm” and Old Norse leggr (“leg”), but thought it very doubtful; Wiktionary likewise mentions a possible…

  32. lobus

    300–399

    It is borrowed from Ancient Greek λοβός (lobós, “pod, husk; lobe”). Etymonline calls the Greek word of unknown origin, while Köbler and Wiktionary connect it with Proto-Indo-European *leb- (“to hang…

  33. medio

    300–399

    It is from Latin medius (“middle”). Wiktionary describes it as a Late and Vulgar Latin verb in -iō. The adjective goes back to Proto-Italic *meþio- and Proto-Indo-European *medhi-o- (“middle”).

  34. mellifluus

    300

    It is formed from Latin mel (“honey”) + fluō (“to flow”). Wiktionary analyses the second part as the adjectival ending -fluus (“flowing”). The first part goes back to Proto-Indo-European *mel-i(-t)…

  35. motivus

    300

    It is from Latin mōtus (“moved”) + -īvus, from moveō (“to move”).

  36. mutilatio

    300–350

    It is formed from Latin mutilō (“to cut off, maim”) + -tiō; the verb comes from mutilus (“maimed”).

  37. ode

    300–350

    It is borrowed from Ancient Greek ᾠδή (ōidḗ, “song”). Etymonline describes the Greek word as an Attic contraction of ἀοιδή (aoidḗ, “song”), related to ἀείδω (aeídō, “to sing”).

  38. operabilis

    300–399

    It is formed from Latin operor (“to work”) + -bilis.

  39. orthodoxus

    300–399

    It is borrowed from Ancient Greek ὀρθόδοξος (orthódoxos, “having the right opinion, orthodox”). Köbler connects the first part with ὀρθός (orthós, “right, correct”) and the second with δοκεῖν…

  40. partialis

    300–350

    It is from Latin pars (“part”) + -ālis.

  41. paternalis

    300–399

    It is formed from Latin paternus (“of a father”) + -ālis, a Late Latin word. The base comes from pater (“father”).

  42. paternitas

    300–350

    It is from Latin paternus + -tās. Paternus goes back to pater, from Proto-Indo-European *ph₂tḗr (“father”); de Vaan thinks it was probably formed after māternus.

  43. pauso

    300–399

    According to the TLL and the DMLBS it is borrowed from Ancient Greek παῦσαι (paûsai, “to stop”), the aorist infinitive of παύω (paúō, “to stop, make cease”); the TLL compares malaxō. Wiktionary…

  44. perceptibilis

    300

    It is from Latin percipiō (“to take hold of, perceive”), formed on the stem of its participle perceptus with the suffix -bilis. The TLL compares the rarer percipibilis.

  45. perdono

    300–499

    It is from Latin per- (“thoroughly”) + dōnō (“to give”). Etymonline glosses the source of the Romance verbs as “to give wholeheartedly, to remit”. Wiktionary notes that it may have been the model…

  46. phasis

    300

    It is borrowed from Ancient Greek φάσις (phásis, “appearance, rising of a star; statement”), from the stem of φαίνω (phaínō, “to show, make appear”). Wiktionary traces it to Proto-Indo-European…

  47. pisto

    300–399

    It is from Latin pīnsō (“to pound, crush”), a frequentative formed on ⟨pist-⟩, the stem of its participle.

  48. potentialis

    300–350

    It is from Latin potentia (“power”) + -ālis. Köbler refers it to potēns (“powerful”).

  49. praecessio

    300

    It is from Latin praecēdō (“to go before”), built on the stem of its past participle. De Vaan traces the simple verb cēdō to Proto-Italic *kesd-e/o- (“to go away, avoid”).

  50. praedicamentum

    300–350

    It is from Latin praedicō (“to proclaim, predicate”) + -mentum, made as a calque of Ancient Greek κατηγορία (katēgoría, “predication, category”).

  51. prognosis

    300–399

    It is borrowed from Ancient Greek πρόγνωσις (prógnōsis, “foreknowledge”). The Greek noun comes from προγιγνώσκω (progignṓskō, “to know beforehand”), formed with πρό (pró, “before”).

  52. prototypus

    300–350

    It is borrowed from Ancient Greek πρωτότυπος (prōtótupos, “original, primitive”).

  53. pullamen

    300–399

    It is from Latin pullō + -men, according to Georges and Gaffiot. The TLL derives it directly from pullus (“young animal”). It lives on in French poulain (“foal”) and Old Occitan polhina (“young…

  54. raptura

    300–399

    It is from Latin raptus + -ūra, from the past participle of rapiō (“to seize, carry off”). The TLL derives it from the verb and marks the word as doubtful in Classical texts.

  55. realis

    300–350

    It is from Latin rēs (“thing, matter”) + -ālis, a post-classical formation.

  56. renalis

    300–399

    It is formed from Latin rēn (“kidney”) + -ālis.

  57. sphincter

    300–400

    It is borrowed from Ancient Greek σφιγκτήρ (sphinktḗr, “band; contractile muscle”), from σφίγγω (sphíngō, “to bind tight”) with the agent suffix -τήρ (-tḗr). Etymonline calls the verb a word of…

  58. systematicus

    300–350

    It is borrowed from Ancient Greek συστηματικός (sustēmatikós, “systematic, forming a whole”), from σύστημα (sústēma, “a whole made of parts”), the source of systema.

  59. transformatio

    300

    It is from Latin trānsfōrmō (“to change in shape”) + -tiō, a calque of Ancient Greek μεταμόρφωσις (metamórphōsis).

  60. triangularis

    300

    It is from Latin triangulus + -āris, from the adjective meaning “three-cornered”, or from the noun triangulum (“triangle”) according to Georges and Köbler. Its base angulus (“corner”) goes back to…

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