100–1 BC
Latin words first recorded in the 1st century BC
3,489 Latin words whose earliest known written record dates from the 1st century BC, earliest first (page 59). Words dated only to part of the century follow the ones with a year.
stemma
4 BC–65It is borrowed from Ancient Greek στέμμα (stémma, “headband, garland”), which Köbler compares with στέφω (stéphō, “to put around”).
stigma
4 BC–65It is borrowed from Ancient Greek στίγμα (stígma, “prick, puncture, mark”). Köbler traces it further to the root Proto-Indo-European *steig- (“to prick, stick”).
summarium
4 BC–65It is from Latin summa (“total, sum”) + -ārium, which the OLD analyses as summus (“highest”) with the same suffix. It is the source of the English word summary and of Italian sommario.
superfluus
4 BC–65It is formed from Latin superfluō (“to overflow”) + -us.
thermae
4 BC–65It is borrowed from Ancient Greek θέρμαι (thérmai, “hot springs”), the plural of the Greek adjective θερμός (thermós, “warm”) used as a noun. Lewis & Short explain it as short for aquae, the same as…
vegeto
4 BC–65It is from Latin vegetus (“lively, vigorous”), with the verb ending -ō. That adjective is formed from vegeō (“to rouse, quicken”), which goes back to Proto-Italic *weg-eje/o-. Etymonline traces the…
vernula
4 BC–65It is from Latin verna (“home-born slave”) + -ula, a diminutive. The origin of verna itself is unclear; Köbler and Wiktionary mention a possible Etruscan source.
vestiarium
4 BC–65It is from Latin vestiārius (“of clothes”), the neuter of the adjective used as a noun, which is formed from Latin vestis (“clothing”) + -ārius.
virguncula
4 BC–65It is from Latin virgō (“girl, maiden”) + -cula. De Vaan finds no accepted etymology for virgō: Walde and Hofmann took it as an individuation of virga (“twig, rod”), and he rejects a later…