matutinus

Pronunciation

• IPA (Classical): [maː.tuːˈtiː.nʊs]^[1]
• IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ma.tuˈtiː.nus]^[1]

Forms

mātūtīnus (feminine mātūtīna, neuter mātūtīnum); first/second-declension adjective^[1]

Etymology

It is from Mātūta, the goddess of dawn, with the suffix -īnus; it is related to māne “in the morning”.^[2][1][3] De Vaan traces ⟨māne⟩ to Proto-Indo-European *meh₂-no- (“good”).^[4]

Earliest recorded meaning

The OLD's earliest citation is from Accius, of the early morning.^[2] Köbler dates Accius 170–c. 90 BC.^[5]

Semantic evolution

It meant of the early morning, morning, as in Cicero and Horace, and in the land surveyors eastern.^[2][6]

In the Church it meant of the morning office; as a noun, mātūtīnum or mātūtīnae were matins, morning lauds, and a vigil.^[7][8] Late Latin mātūtīnae (vigiliae) gave Old French matines and English matins in the mid-13th century, and mātūtīnum became French matin and Italian mattino “morning”.^[9][1]

Timeline

• 170–c. 90 BC – Accius uses it.^[2][5]
• 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it.^[6][5]
• mid-13th century – English matins is recorded.^[9]

Meanings

Adjective

1. Of the early morning, matutinal.^[2]
2. Eastern.^[2]

Noun

1. (Ecclesiastical Latin) (mātūtīnae, mātūtīnum) Matins.^[7]

Word family

• mātūtīnum
• mātūtīnē
• mātūtīnō

Related words

• Mātūta
• māne
• mātūrus
• English matins

References

1. ^ a b c d e Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
2. ^ a b c d e f Glare, P. G. W., ed. (2012), Oxford Latin Dictionary, 2nd ed., Oxford: Oxford University Press
3. ^ Lewis, Charlton T.; Short, Charles (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
4. ^ de Vaan, Michiel (2008), Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages, Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series 7, Leiden; Boston: Brill
5. ^ a b c Köbler, Gerhard (2010), Lateinisches Abkunfts- und Wirkungswörterbuch für Altertum und Mittelalter, online ed., koeblergerhard.de
6. ^ a b Gaffiot, Félix (2016), Dictionnaire latin-français, new ed. by Gérard Gréco et al. (Gaffiot 2016), online ed.
7. ^ a b Niermeyer, J. F. (1976), Mediae Latinitatis Lexicon Minus, Leiden: Brill
8. ^ Stelten, Leo F. (1995), Dictionary of Ecclesiastical Latin, Peabody, Mass.: Hendrickson
9. ^ a b Harper, Douglas. Online Etymology Dictionary, https://www.etymonline.com