indidem

Forms

indidem (not comparable)^[1]

Etymology

It is from Latin inde (“from there”) + -dem, with the same particle as in ibīdem and itidem.^[2][3][1] De Vaan explains this element as taken from the neuter of īdem, where ⟨id-em⟩ was reanalysed as ⟨id-dem⟩.^[4]

Earliest recorded meaning

Köbler dates it from Plautus.^[5] In the Pseudolus one speaker asks whether a man full of vinegar could also bring out something sweet from the same store: quid, sī opus sit ut dulce prōmat indidem, ecquid habet?^[2]

Semantic evolution

It means from the same place or quarter,^[2][6] but also out of the same source or by the same means.^[2] With words of birth or origin it means from the same origin: Pacuvius says that all things arise from the same source and set into it again, and Nepos has indidem Thēbīs, likewise from Thebes.^[2][6][7] Cicero asks whether certain assassins came from Ameria itself or from the city, indidemne Ameriā, an hōsce ex urbe sīcāriōs?^[6][2] Cato uses it partitively, of taking a measure out of the same supply.^[7]

The OLD notes that it usually refers back to something already mentioned, often redundantly, and that in Apuleius it is sometimes little more than a variation on inde.^[2] Ancient grammarians list it among the adverbs of motion from a place.^[3]

Timeline

• c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it of drawing from the same store.^[2][5]
• 220–130 BC – Pacuvius uses it of all things arising from the same source.^[2][5]
• 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of men coming from the same town.^[6][5]
• c. 125–175 AD – Apuleius uses it often, at times merely for inde.^[2][5]

Meanings

Adverb

1. From the same place; from the same direction or quarter.^[2][6]
2. From the same source or supply; by the same means.^[2]
3. From the same origin; likewise from (a place named).^[2][6]

References

1. ^ a b Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
2. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m Glare, P. G. W., ed. (2012), Oxford Latin Dictionary, 2nd ed., Oxford: Oxford University Press
3. ^ a b Thesaurus linguae Latinae (1900–), Leipzig: Teubner; Berlin: De Gruyter; open-access ed., Munich: Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften
4. ^ de Vaan, Michiel (2008), Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages, Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series 7, Leiden; Boston: Brill
5. ^ a b c d e Köbler, Gerhard (2010), Lateinisches Abkunfts- und Wirkungswörterbuch für Altertum und Mittelalter, online ed., koeblergerhard.de
6. ^ a b c d e f Lewis, Charlton T.; Short, Charles (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
7. ^ a b Conte, Gian Biagio; Pianezzola, Emilio; Ranucci, Giuliano (2010), il Latino: Vocabolario della lingua latina, 3rd ed., Florence: Le Monnier