dualis

Pronunciation

• IPA (Classical): [duˈaː.lɪs]^[1]
• IPA (Ecclesiastical): [duˈaː.lis]^[1]

Forms

duālis (neuter duāle); third-declension two-termination adjective^[1]

Etymology

It is from duo “two” with the suffix -ālis, and the TLL compares Greek ⟨δυϊκός⟩.^[2][1][3]

Earliest recorded meaning

Köbler's first source is Quintilian, whom he dates c. 35–95/96 AD, and Quintilian uses it of the dual in grammar.^[4][5]

Semantic evolution

It was a grammatical term, relating to two, the dual number, as in Quintilian.^[2][5] Lactantius has duālis numerus for the number two.^[5][6]

British Medieval Latin used it for relating to two, the dual in grammar, the middle incisors, and as a noun a large dish.^[7] It gave English dual about 1600, first in grammar.^[8]

Timeline

• c. 35–95/96 AD – Quintilian uses it of the dual.^[4][5]
• c. 250–317 AD – Lactantius uses it of the number two.^[5][4]
• c. 1600 – English dual is recorded.^[8]

Meanings

Adjective

1. Of two, (grammar) dual.^[2]

Word family

• duālitās

Related words

• duo
• English dual

References

1. ^ a b c d Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
2. ^ a b c Glare, P. G. W., ed. (2012), Oxford Latin Dictionary, 2nd ed., Oxford: Oxford University Press
3. ^ Thesaurus linguae Latinae (1900–), Leipzig: Teubner; Berlin: De Gruyter; open-access ed., Munich: Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften
4. ^ a b c Köbler, Gerhard (2010), Lateinisches Abkunfts- und Wirkungswörterbuch für Altertum und Mittelalter, online ed., koeblergerhard.de
5. ^ a b c d e Gaffiot, Félix (2016), Dictionnaire latin-français, new ed. by Gérard Gréco et al. (Gaffiot 2016), online ed.
6. ^ Lewis, Charlton T.; Short, Charles (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
7. ^ Latham, R. E., D. R. Howlett, R. K. Ashdowne, et al. (1975–2013), Dictionary of Medieval Latin from British Sources, London: British Academy / Oxford University Press
8. ^ a b Harper, Douglas. Online Etymology Dictionary, https://www.etymonline.com