deportatio

Forms

dēportātiō f (genitive dēportātiōnis); third declension^[1]

Etymology

It is formed from Latin dēportō + -tiō.^[1][2] dēportō (“to bring, convey”) is a compound of portō (“to carry”),^[3] which de Vaan takes to be probably made from a noun meaning “passage, crossing”, going back to Proto-Italic *porto- and Proto-Indo-European *port-o- (“passage, crossing”) or *prto- (“passed, crossed”).^[3]

Earliest recorded meaning

It is first found in Cato (234–149 BC),^[3][4] for the carrying home of olives: in De agricultura he fixes a deduction for each load carried off.^[1]

Semantic evolution

L&S calls it rare.^[5] In the jurists it became the term for deportation, the conveyance of a convict to a place of exile, a perpetual banishment,^[1][5] as when Papinian considers a debtor sentenced to it.^[1]

Medieval writers used it for transport and supply, and in church use for the carrying of relics in procession.^[6] British sources have it for exile and banishment, and for expulsion.^[7] English borrowed it as deportation in the 1590s, through French.^[8]

Timeline

• 234–149 BC – Cato uses it for carrying home olives.^[1][4]
• before 212 AD – Papinian uses it of deportation into exile.^[1][4]
• 1590s – English borrows it, through French, as deportation.^[8]

Meanings

Noun

1. A carrying or taking home, transportation.^[1][5]
2. (law) Conveyance to a place of exile, deportation, perpetual banishment.^[1][5]
3. (Medieval Latin) Transport, supply; the carrying of relics in procession.^[6]
4. (Medieval Latin) Expulsion.^[7]

Related words

• English deportation

References

1. ^ a b c d e f g h i Glare, P. G. W., ed. (2012), Oxford Latin Dictionary, 2nd ed., Oxford: Oxford University Press
2. ^ Thesaurus linguae Latinae (1900–), Leipzig: Teubner; Berlin: De Gruyter; open-access ed., Munich: Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften
3. ^ a b c de Vaan, Michiel (2008), Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages, Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series 7, Leiden; Boston: Brill
4. ^ a b c Köbler, Gerhard (2010), Lateinisches Abkunfts- und Wirkungswörterbuch für Altertum und Mittelalter, online ed., koeblergerhard.de
5. ^ a b c d Lewis, Charlton T.; Short, Charles (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
6. ^ a b Mittellateinisches Wörterbuch bis zum ausgehenden 13. Jahrhundert (1967–), Munich: C. H. Beck; Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften
7. ^ a b Latham, R. E., D. R. Howlett, R. K. Ashdowne, et al. (1975–2013), Dictionary of Medieval Latin from British Sources, London: British Academy / Oxford University Press
8. ^ a b Harper, Douglas. Online Etymology Dictionary, https://www.etymonline.com