circumicio

Pronunciation

• IPA (Classical): [kɪr.kʊˈmɪ.ki.oː], [kɪr.kʊmˈjɪ.ki.oː]^[1]
• IPA (Ecclesiastical): [t͡ʃir.kuˈmiː.t͡ʃi.o], [t͡ʃir.kumˈjiː.t͡ʃi.o]^[1]

Forms

circumiciō (present infinitive circumicere, perfect active circumiēcī, supine circumiectum); third (-iō variant) conjugation^[1] Also spelled circumiiciō and circumiaciō.^[2]

Etymology

It is from Latin circum- (“around”) + iaciō (“to throw”).^[3][1] De Vaan traces ⟨iaciō⟩ to Proto-Italic *jak-i- (“to throw”), from Proto-Indo-European *Hyeh₁- (“to throw, let go”).^[4]

Earliest recorded meaning

The OLD's earliest citation is from Varro, of placing or throwing something round.^[3] Köbler dates Varro 116–27 BC.^[5]

Semantic evolution

It meant to throw or place round, as in Varro; as a military term to post troops round; and to surround, envelop, as in Cicero.^[3][2] Its participle circumiectus means lying around, surrounding, as in Livy.^[2]

Timeline

• 116–27 BC – Varro uses it.^[3][5]
• 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of surrounding.^[3][5]

Meanings

Verb

1. To throw or place round.^[3]
2. (military) To post troops round.^[3]
3. To surround, envelop.^[3]

Word family

• circumiectiō
• circumiectus

Related words

• abiciō
• adiciō
• cōniciō
• dēiciō
• disiciō
• ēiciō
• iaciō
• iniciō
• intericiō
• obiciō

References

1. ^ a b c d Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
2. ^ a b c Lewis, Charlton T.; Short, Charles (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
3. ^ a b c d e f g h Glare, P. G. W., ed. (2012), Oxford Latin Dictionary, 2nd ed., Oxford: Oxford University Press
4. ^ de Vaan, Michiel (2008), Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages, Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series 7, Leiden; Boston: Brill
5. ^ a b c Köbler, Gerhard (2010), Lateinisches Abkunfts- und Wirkungswörterbuch für Altertum und Mittelalter, online ed., koeblergerhard.de