amicio

Pronunciation

• IPA (Classical): [aˈmɪ.ki.oː]^[1]
• IPA (Ecclesiastical): [aˈmiː.t͡ʃi.o]^[1]

Forms

amiciō (present infinitive amicīre, perfect active amicuī or amixī, supine amictum); fourth conjugation^[1] Perfect amicuī or amixī, and Plautus has the passive infinitive amicīrier and future amicībor.^[2][3]

Etymology

It is from ambi- “around” and iaciō “to throw”, “to throw round oneself”.^[2][1][4] De Vaan traces ⟨iaciō⟩ to Proto-Italic *jak-i- (“to throw”), from Proto-Indo-European *Hyeh₁- (“to throw, let go”).^[5] Wiktionary reports Schrijver's view that it shows an Italo-Celtic type of fourth-conjugation derivative.^[1]

Earliest recorded meaning

The OLD's earliest citation is from Naevius, of dressing.^[2] Köbler dates Naevius c. 235–200 BC.^[6]

Semantic evolution

It meant to wrap an outer garment round someone, clothe, dress, mostly in the passive, as in Naevius and Plautus, and Gaffiot contrasts it with induere “to put on”.^[2][4] In poetry it meant to surround or cover as with clothing, as in Catullus, and figuratively to clothe in words.^[2]

In Ecclesiastical Latin it meant to wrap about, clothe.^[7]

Timeline

• c. 235–200 BC – Naevius uses it.^[2][6]
• c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it in the passive.^[2][6]
• 81/79–52/50 BC – Catullus uses it figuratively.^[2][6]

Meanings

Verb

1. To clothe, wrap (in an outer garment), (passive) to dress.^[2][4]
2. To cover, surround as with clothing.^[2]

Word family

• amicimen
• amictorium
• amictus
• amiculum
• sēmiamictus

Related words

• abiciō
• adiciō
• circumiciō
• cōniciō
• dēiciō
• disiciō
• ēiciō
• iaciō
• iniciō
• intericiō
• induō

References

1. ^ a b c d e Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
2. ^ a b c d e f g h i j Glare, P. G. W., ed. (2012), Oxford Latin Dictionary, 2nd ed., Oxford: Oxford University Press
3. ^ Lewis, Charlton T.; Short, Charles (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
4. ^ a b c Gaffiot, Félix (2016), Dictionnaire latin-français, new ed. by Gérard Gréco et al. (Gaffiot 2016), online ed.
5. ^ de Vaan, Michiel (2008), Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages, Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series 7, Leiden; Boston: Brill
6. ^ a b c d Köbler, Gerhard (2010), Lateinisches Abkunfts- und Wirkungswörterbuch für Altertum und Mittelalter, online ed., koeblergerhard.de
7. ^ Stelten, Leo F. (1995), Dictionary of Ecclesiastical Latin, Peabody, Mass.: Hendrickson