calefacto

Pronunciation

• IPA (Classical): [ka.ɫɛˈfak.toː]^[1]
• IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ka.leˈfak.to]^[1]

Forms

calefactō (present infinitive calefactāre); first conjugation, no passive, no perfect or supine stems^[1]

Etymology

It is from Latin calefaciō (“to make warm”) + -tō, a frequentative.^[2][1]

Earliest recorded meaning

Its earliest source is Plautus' Rudens, aquam calefactāre “to heat water”.^[3][4] Köbler dates Plautus c. 250–184 BC.^[5]

Semantic evolution

It meant to heat, warm, often or strongly, and Lewis & Short call it very rare and not in Cicero, citing Plautus and Horace.^[2][3][4] Plautus also uses it jokingly, calefactāre virgīs “to warm with rods”, to beat.^[4]

In Ecclesiastical Latin it meant to heat, make warm.^[6]

Timeline

• c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it.^[3][5]
• 65–8 BC – Horace uses it.^[4][5]

Meanings

Verb

1. To heat, warm (often or strongly).^[2][4]
2. calefactāre virgīs: to beat.^[4]

Related words

• calefaciō

References

1. ^ a b c d Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
2. ^ a b c Glare, P. G. W., ed. (2012), Oxford Latin Dictionary, 2nd ed., Oxford: Oxford University Press
3. ^ a b c Lewis, Charlton T.; Short, Charles (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
4. ^ a b c d e f Gaffiot, Félix (2016), Dictionnaire latin-français, new ed. by Gérard Gréco et al. (Gaffiot 2016), online ed.
5. ^ a b c Köbler, Gerhard (2010), Lateinisches Abkunfts- und Wirkungswörterbuch für Altertum und Mittelalter, online ed., koeblergerhard.de
6. ^ Stelten, Leo F. (1995), Dictionary of Ecclesiastical Latin, Peabody, Mass.: Hendrickson