adiectio

Forms

adiectiō f (genitive adiectiōnis); third declension^[1] Also spelled adjectiō.^[1][2]

Etymology

It is from Latin adiciō (“to throw to, add”) + -tiō.^[3][1][4] adiciō is a compound of ad (“to”) and iaciō (“to throw”), which de Vaan traces to Proto-Italic *jak-i- (“to throw”) and Proto-Indo-European *(H)ih₁-k- (“to throw, let go”), cognate with Ancient Greek ἵημι (híēmi, “to send, throw”).^[5]

Earliest recorded meaning

The TLL names Livy as the first to use it,^[4] of the Roman state grown by the addition of the Alban people.^[4][2]

Semantic evolution

The TLL counts it twice in Livy, once each in Valerius Maximus, Tacitus and Suetonius, eleven times in Seneca the philosopher, fourteen times in Vitruvius and eighteen in Quintilian.^[4] It is the act of adding and the thing added: Vitruvius compares by additions and subtractions, the elder Seneca speaks of a superfluous and bombastic addition that ruined a sentence, and Quintilian of the adding of letters.^[3][2] It can be an additional amount or an increase in price, and the jurists use it for assignment or adjudication and for a mode of naming, a term.^[3] Wiktionary also gives the rhetorical sense “repetition”.^[1] In medieval Latin it is land added by alluvium.^[6]

Timeline

• 59 BC–17 AD – Livy, of the Alban people added to Rome.^[4][2][7]
• c. 84–c. 25 BC – Vitruvius, of additions and subtractions.^[3][7]
• 4 BC–65 AD – Seneca the philosopher, of added heat.^[4][7]
• c. 35–95/96 AD – Quintilian, of added letters.^[2][7]
• Medieval Latin – An alluvial deposit.^[6]

Meanings

Noun

1. An adding, addition; of a penalty, its infliction in addition.^[3][2][1]
2. Something added; an additional amount, an increase in price, an added clause.^[3]
3. (law) Assignment, adjudication.^[3]
4. A mode of naming, a term.^[3]
5. (rhetoric) Repetition.^[1]
6. (Medieval Latin) An alluvial deposit.^[6]

Related words

• adiciō
• iaciō
• adiectīvus

References

1. ^ a b c d e f Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
2. ^ a b c d e f Lewis, Charlton T.; Short, Charles (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
3. ^ a b c d e f g h Glare, P. G. W., ed. (2012), Oxford Latin Dictionary, 2nd ed., Oxford: Oxford University Press
4. ^ a b c d e f Thesaurus linguae Latinae (1900–), Leipzig: Teubner; Berlin: De Gruyter; open-access ed., Munich: Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften
5. ^ de Vaan, Michiel (2008), Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages, Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series 7, Leiden; Boston: Brill
6. ^ a b c Niermeyer, J. F. (1976), Mediae Latinitatis Lexicon Minus, Leiden: Brill
7. ^ a b c d Köbler, Gerhard (2010), Lateinisches Abkunfts- und Wirkungswörterbuch für Altertum und Mittelalter, online ed., koeblergerhard.de