𐌷𐌰𐌹𐌷𐍃

Forms

𐌷𐌰𐌹𐌷𐍃 (haihs), an adjective of the a-declension.^[1][2] Only the masculine dative singular 𐌷𐌰𐌹𐌷𐌰𐌼𐌼𐌰 (haihamma) is recorded.^[3][4]

Etymology

It is inherited from Proto-Germanic *haihaz (“one-eyed”),^[5][3][6] which has no counterpart in the other Germanic languages.^[4] Kroonen calls it identical to Latin caecus (“blind”), Old Irish cáech (“one-eyed”) and Welsh coeg (“empty; one-eyed, blind”), from Proto-Indo-European *keh₂i-ko-.^[6] Feist, Holthausen and Uhlenbeck give the same comparison with Latin and Celtic.^[7][8][9] Uhlenbeck later derived both "one-eyed" and "squinting" from a basic meaning "crooked", Latin having gone on to "blind".^[10] Feist and Lehmann reject the comparison with the Greek name of the north-east wind, Ancient Greek καικίας (kaikías).^[7][4]

Attestation

It occurs once, at Mark 9:47 in manuscript CA,^[11][3] for Ancient Greek μονόφθαλμος (monóphthalmos, “one-eyed”).^[12][3] The verse reads goþ þus ist haihamma galeiþan in þiudangardja gudis, "it is good for you to go one-eyed into the kingdom of God".^[13]

Meanings

1. one-eyed, half-blind; for μονόφθαλμος.^{[1][2][14][12]}

Usage notes

A hapax legomenon in Gothic.^[11][4]

References

1. ^ a b Streitberg, Wilhelm (1910), Die gotische Bibel, II: Gotisch-griechisch-deutsches Wörterbuch, Heidelberg: Winter, p. s.v. háihs
2. ^ a b Regan, Brian T. (1974), Dictionary of the Biblical Gothic Language, Phoenix: Wulfila House, p. 76
3. ^ a b c d Köbler, Gerhard (2014), Gotisches Wörterbuch, 4th ed., online, koeblergerhard.de/wikiling, p. s.v. haihs*
4. ^ a b c d Lehmann, Winfred P. (1986), A Gothic Etymological Dictionary, based on the third edition of Vergleichendes Wörterbuch der gotischen Sprache by Sigmund Feist, Leiden: Brill, p. s.v. *haihs.
5. ^ Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org, p. s.v. 𐌷𐌰𐌹𐌷𐍃
6. ^ a b Kroonen, Guus (2013), Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic, Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series 11, Leiden / Boston: Brill, p. 200
7. ^ a b Feist, Sigmund (1939), Vergleichendes Wörterbuch der gotischen Sprache, 3rd ed., Leiden: Brill, p. s.v. haihs
8. ^ Holthausen, Ferdinand (1934), Gotisches etymologisches Wörterbuch, Heidelberg: Winter, p. 41
9. ^ Uhlenbeck, C. C. (1900), Kurzgefasstes etymologisches Wörterbuch der gotischen Sprache, 2nd ed., Amsterdam: Müller, p. 69
10. ^ Uhlenbeck, C. C. (1905), Bemerkungen zum gotischen Wortschatz, Beiträge zur Geschichte der deutschen Sprache und Literatur 30, 252ff.
11. ^ a b De Herdt, Tom (2004–2026), Project Wulfila: digital edition of the Gothic Bible with lemma and morphological annotation, data release 2026-09-03, wulfila.be
12. ^ a b Haug, Dag T. T. et al., PROIEL Treebank: The Gothic Bible (gothic-nt), 2023 release, Pragmatic Resources in Old Indo-European Languages, University of Oslo
13. ^ De Herdt, Tom (2004–2026), Project Wulfila: digital edition of the Gothic Bible with lemma and morphological annotation, data release 2026-09-03, wulfila.be, p. Mk 9:47
14. ^ Wright, Joseph (1910), Grammar of the Gothic Language, Oxford: Clarendon Press