*tugi

Reconstruction

Wiktionary reconstructs *tugi "a drawing, tug, pull" for Proto-West Germanic.^[1] Köbler sets up a West Germanic masculine i-stem *tugi-, *tugiz.^[2][3]

Etymology

It is inherited from Proto-Germanic *tugiz (“a drawing, tug, pull”),^[4][1] which Schaffner writes *tugi- and assigns to the Proto-Germanic strong verb *teuχe/a- "to draw, to pull".^[5] Wiktionary calls the Proto-Germanic word an action noun derived from Proto-Germanic *teuhaną (“to pull, tug”).^[6]

Morphology

A masculine i-stem.^[2][3] Schaffner lists it among the masculine i-stems formed to strong verbs.^[5]

Evidence

The noun is attested in Old English tyġe "draught, leading, conclusion", with the compound ontyge "undertaking",^[7][8] and in Old High German zug, recorded in glosses from the second quarter of the 9th century.^[3] Holthausen and Schaffner compare Middle Low German töge.^[7][5] De Vaan derives Dutch teug (“draught”) from *tugi-, with Middle Dutch toge, and finds the sense "draught" and a spelling with a front rounded vowel already in the West Flemish dative singular ⟨thueghe⟩ of 1287.^[9]

Meanings

1. a drawing, a pull^[2][1]

Old High German also used the noun for a draught of fish, a catch,^[3] and Old English for "leading" and "conclusion".^[7]

Reflexes

• Old English: tyġe (“draught, leading, conclusion”)^[7]
• Old High German: zug (“drawing, draught, catch of fish”)^[3]

References

1. ^ a b c Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org, p. s.v. *tugi
2. ^ a b c Köbler, Gerhard (2014), Altenglisches Wörterbuch, 4th ed., online, koeblergerhard.de/wikiling, p. s.v. tyge
3. ^ a b c d e Köbler, Gerhard (2014), Althochdeutsches Wörterbuch, 6th ed., online, koeblergerhard.de/wikiling, p. s.v. zug
4. ^ Köbler, Gerhard (2014), Germanisches Wörterbuch, 5th ed., online, koeblergerhard.de/wikiling, p. s.v. *tugi-, *tugiz
5. ^ a b c Schaffner, Stefan (2001), Das Vernersche Gesetz und der innerparadigmatische grammatische Wechsel des Urgermanischen im Nominalbereich, Innsbrucker Beiträge zur Sprachwissenschaft 103, Innsbruck
6. ^ Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org, p. s.v. *tugiz
7. ^ a b c d Holthausen, Ferdinand (1934), Altenglisches etymologisches Wörterbuch, Heidelberg: Carl Winter, p. s.v. tyge
8. ^ Köbler, Gerhard (2014), Altenglisches Wörterbuch, 4th ed., online, koeblergerhard.de/wikiling, p. s.v. ontyge
9. ^ de Vaan, Michiel (2017), The Dawn of Dutch: Language Contact in the Western Low Countries before 1200, NOWELE Supplement Series 30, Amsterdam / Philadelphia: John Benjamins, p. 350