*disk

Reconstruction

Ringe and Taylor reconstruct *disk "dish" for Proto-West Germanic,^[1] and Wiktionary has the same form.^[2]

Etymology

It is borrowed from Latin discus (“disc, plate”),^[1][3] which is from Ancient Greek δίσκος (dískos, “round plate”).^[4] Ringe and Taylor list it among the Latin loanwords that could have been borrowed within the Proto-West Germanic period.^[5] Berr notes that the word came into Germanic before the shift of d to t in High German, which gave Old High German tisc.^[4]

Morphology

A masculine a-stem.^[1] Köbler gives the Old Saxon and Old High German nouns as i-stems,^[6][7] and his Germanic form is *disku-, a u-stem, with a Gothic *disks or *diskus.^[8]

Evidence

The word is attested as Old English disc, Old Saxon disk and Old High German tisc,^[1] and Old Dutch disk is recorded from the 10th century.^[9] Berr also lists Old Frisian disk.^[4]

Meanings

1. dish^[1][2]

Old Saxon and Old High German used the word for both "dish" and "table";^[1] Ringe and Taylor allow that the sense "table" developed separately in the history of each language.^[1] Berr explains it from the plate set on the table at mealtime.^[4] In Old Dutch the word means "table",^[9] and in Old English "plate, dish, bowl".^[3]

Reflexes

• Old English: disc (“plate, dish, bowl”)^[3]
• Old Saxon: disk (“table, meal”)^[6]
• Old Dutch: disk (“table”)^[9]
• Old High German: tisc (“table, dish, tripod”)^[7]

References

1. ^ a b c d e f g Ringe, Don; Taylor, Ann (2014), The Development of Old English, A Linguistic History of English II, Oxford: Oxford University Press, p. 135
2. ^ a b Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org, p. s.v. *disk
3. ^ a b c Holthausen, Ferdinand (1934), Altenglisches etymologisches Wörterbuch, Heidelberg: Carl Winter, p. s.v. disc
4. ^ a b c d Berr, Samuel (1971), An Etymological Glossary to the Old Saxon Heliand, Berne / Frankfurt: Herbert Lang, p. 81
5. ^ Ringe, Don; Taylor, Ann (2014), The Development of Old English, A Linguistic History of English II, Oxford: Oxford University Press, p. 134–135
6. ^ a b Köbler, Gerhard (2014), Altsächsisches Wörterbuch, 5th ed., online, koeblergerhard.de/wikiling, p. s.v. disk
7. ^ a b Köbler, Gerhard (2014), Althochdeutsches Wörterbuch, 6th ed., online, koeblergerhard.de/wikiling, p. s.v. tisk
8. ^ Köbler, Gerhard (2014), Germanisches Wörterbuch, 5th ed., online, koeblergerhard.de/wikiling, p. s.v. *disku
9. ^ a b c Oudnederlands Woordenboek (2009–), Instituut voor de Nederlandse Taal, Leiden; gtb.ivdnt.org, p. s.v. disk