implantation

Forms

implantation f (plural implantations)^[1]

Etymology

It is formed from French implanter + -ation.^[2][3][4][5] The verb is probably taken from medical Latin implantō, since it first appears in a translation of Galen, rather than adapted from Italian impiantare as Bloch and Wartburg held.^[2][3][6] The Latin verb is formed from in- and plantō (“to plant”), the source of planter.^[6]

Earliest recorded meaning

The TLFi's first record is in Jean Canappe's Tables anatomiques (1555), where it is used of the attachment of large arteries.^[2][6] The Grand Robert, the Petit Robert and Bloch and Wartburg date it to 1541.^[4][5][3] Paré, in the 16th century, writes of tying the duodenum below l'implantation du pore cholagogue, where the bile duct joins it.^[7]

Semantic evolution

For a long time the word stayed in anatomy, in the sense “the act of implanting or of becoming implanted”;^[6][7] Littré also records it in teratology for a malformation in which an imperfect body is joined to a perfect one.^[6][7] Only in the 20th century did it spread to other fields, such as architecture, the economy and commerce, for the setting up of a firm or the layout of its buildings.^[6][8] In medicine it has meant, since 1904, the insertion of an implant under the skin, and in dental surgery since the 1960s.^[6]

Timeline

• 1541 – First date given by the Grand Robert and Bloch and Wartburg.^[4][3]
• 1555 – Canappe uses it in anatomy.^[2]
• 1904 – Used in medicine of an implant under the skin.^[6]
• 1956 – Found in surgery.^[9]
• 1962 – Larousse records the sense “layout of a firm's buildings”.^[8]

Meanings

Noun

1. The act of implanting or of becoming established somewhere: l'implantation d'une usine dans la vallée.^[5][2][1]
2. The layout of a firm's buildings and equipment.^[5][2][8]
3. (electronics) The arrangement of the components of a circuit for wiring.^[5]
4. (medicine) The insertion of an implant under the skin.^[5][8]
5. (biology) The implantation of the egg in the womb, nidation.^[5]
6. The line along which the hair grows on the scalp.^[8]

Related words

• implanter
• implant
• planter
• Latin plantō

References

1. ^ a b c Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
2. ^ a b c d e f Trésor de la langue française informatisé (2004), ATILF – CNRS & Université de Lorraine, atilf.fr/tlfi; electronic version of Imbs, Paul; Quemada, Bernard, eds. (1971–1994), Trésor de la langue française, Paris: CNRS / Gallimard
3. ^ a b c d Bloch, Oscar; Wartburg, Walther von (1989), Dictionnaire étymologique de la langue française, 8th ed., Paris: Presses universitaires de France
4. ^ a b c Rey, Alain, ed. (2005), Le Grand Robert de la langue française, electronic version, Paris: Le Robert
5. ^ a b c d e f g Rey-Debove, Josette; Rey, Alain, eds. (2007), Le Petit Robert de la langue française, Paris: Le Robert
6. ^ a b c d e f g h Rey, Alain, ed. (1992), Dictionnaire historique de la langue française, Paris: Le Robert
7. ^ a b c Littré, Émile (1873–1877), Dictionnaire de la langue française, 4 vols. and supplement, Paris: Hachette
8. ^ a b c d e Guilbert, Louis; Lagane, René; Niobey, Georges, eds. (1971–1978; 1989), Grand Larousse de la langue française, Paris: Larousse
9. ^ Quemada, Bernard, ed. (1959–2006), Datations et documents lexicographiques (Base historique du vocabulaire français, BHVF), Paris: Klincksieck / CNRS / Champion; ATILF