300–201 BC

Catalan words from Latin words first recorded in the 3rd century BC

95 Catalan words inherited from a Latin word whose earliest known written record dates from the 3rd century BC, earliest Latin record first.

alt
280 BC–200 BC

from Latin altus

It is inherited from Latin altus (“high”). The Latin adjective is formally the past participle of alō (“to nourish”), from Proto-Italic *altos; Wiktionary takes it to *h₂el- (“to grow, nourish”)…
teu
280 BC–200 BC

from Latin tuus

It is inherited from Old Catalan teu, which is inherited from Latin tuus (“your, yours”), remade on the model of the first-person possessive meus (“my”). The DCVB writes the remade form as a Vulgar…
anell
250 BC–184 BC

from Latin anellus

It is inherited from Latin ānellus (“little ring”). DECat, Bruguera and the GDLC take the Latin word as a diminutive of ānulus (“ring”); Wiktionary and the OLD derive it directly from ānus (“ring”)…
cabra
250 BC–184 BC

from Latin capra

It is inherited from Latin capra (“she-goat”), the feminine of caper (“he-goat”). The same Latin word is Occitan cabra, Spanish cabra, Portuguese cabra, French chèvre, Italian capra and Romanian…
car
250 BC–184 BC

from Latin carus

1. The word for “dear, expensive” is inherited from Latin cārus (“dear, precious, esteemed”). The same Latin word is Occitan car, Spanish caro, Portuguese caro, Italian caro and French cher. The…
corda
250 BC–184 BC

from Latin chorda

It is inherited from Latin chorda (“string of a musical instrument; rope”), which Latin had taken from Ancient Greek χορδή (khordḗ, “guts; string of gut”). In Greek the word meant guts and tripe…
cosir
250 BC–184 BC

from Latin consuo

It is inherited from Latin cōnsuō (“to sew together”), infinitive ⟨cōnsuere⟩, with a change to the conjugation in ⟨-ir⟩. Wiktionary sets up an intermediate *cosiō. The Latin verb is formed with con-…
despullar
250 BC–184 BC

from Latin despolio

It is inherited from Latin dēspoliō (“to plunder, rob; to strip”), a derivative of spoliō of the same meaning, which comes from spolium (“skin of an animal; booty, spoils”). The REW glosses the…
donar
250 BC–184 BC

from Latin dono

It is inherited from Latin dōnō (“to present, give as a gift”), a verb formed on dōnum (“gift”), which comes from dō (“to give”). In Late Latin it competed with the simpler verb because its forms…
fi
250 BC–184 BC

from Latin finis

1. The word for the end is inherited from Latin fīnis (“boundary, limit; end”). The same Latin word is Occitan fin, French fin, Italian fine and Portuguese fim. The form Spanish fin is a…
fumar
250 BC–184 BC

from Latin fumo

It is inherited from Latin fūmō (“to emit smoke, to smoke”). Bruguera lists it among the derivatives of fum “smoke”. The Latin verb was made from fūmus (“smoke”), which de Vaan traces to…
graner
250 BC–184 BC

from Latin granarium

It is inherited from Latin grānārium (“granary”). The Latin word is formed from grānum (“grain”) and the suffix -ārium, and was used mostly in the plural. The GDLC instead treats the Catalan word as…
pecat
250 BC–184 BC

from Latin peccatum

It is inherited from Latin peccātum (“fault, error; sin”). The Latin noun is the neuter past participle of peccō (“to err, to sin”). The same Latin word is Italian peccato, French péché, Occitan…
valent
250 BC–184 BC

from Latin valens

It is inherited from Old Catalan valent, which is inherited from Latin valēns (“strong, powerful”), the present participle of valeō (“to be strong, be worth”). The same Latin word is Occitan valent…
ample
240 BC–207 BC

from Latin amplus

It is inherited from Latin amplus (“wide, large”). The same Latin word is Italian ampio, French ample, Occitan ample, Spanish ancho and Portuguese ancho. The origin of the Latin adjective is…
camp
240 BC–207 BC

from Latin campus

It is inherited from Latin campus (“flat land, plain; field”). The same Latin word is Occitan camp, French champ, Spanish campo, Italian campo and Romanian câmp. In Latin the piece of tilled land…
lloc
240 BC–207 BC

from Latin locus

It is inherited from Old Catalan loc, which is inherited from Latin locus (“place”). The same Latin word is Occitan lòc, Old Occitan loc, Italian luogo and Romanian loc. Spanish kept its ablative as…
mar
240 BC–207 BC

from Latin mare

It is inherited from Old Catalan mar, which is inherited from Latin mare (“sea”). The same Latin word is Occitan mar, Spanish mar, Portuguese mar, French mer, Italian mare and Romanian mare. The…
molt
240 BC–207 BC

from Latin multus

It is inherited from Old Catalan molt, which is inherited from Latin multus (“much, many”), in its neuter multum for the adverb. The same Latin word is Occitan molt, Italian molto, Spanish mucho…
nau
240 BC–207 BC

from Latin navis

It is inherited from Old Catalan nau, which is inherited from Latin nāvis (“ship”). The same Latin word is Occitan nau, Old French nef, Italian nave, Spanish nave and Romanian naie. Spanish and…
ona
240 BC–207 BC

from Latin unda

It is inherited from Latin unda (“wave; flowing water”). The same Latin word is Occitan onda, Spanish onda, Portuguese onda, Italian onda, French onde and Romanian undă. Beside the inherited word…
preu
240 BC–207 BC

from Latin pretium

It is inherited from Old Catalan preu, which is inherited from Latin pretium (“price, value; reward”). The same Latin word is Romanian preț, Italian prezzo and Old Occitan pretz; Spanish precio and…
sant
240 BC–207 BC

from Latin sanctus

It is inherited from Latin sānctus (“sacred, holy”), properly the past participle of sanciō (“to consecrate, make inviolable”). The same Latin word is Occitan sant, Spanish santo, Portuguese santo…
terra
240 BC–207 BC

from Latin terra

It is inherited from Old Catalan terra, which is inherited from Latin terra (“dry land, earth”). The same Latin word is Occitan tèrra, Spanish tierra, Portuguese terra, French terre, Italian terra…
vi
240 BC–207 BC

from Latin vinum

It is inherited from Old Catalan vi, also written ⟨vin⟩, which is inherited from Latin vīnum (“wine”). The Old Catalan variant ⟨vin⟩ and the plural ⟨vins⟩ keep the /n/ of the Latin word. The same…
volar
240 BC–207 BC

from Latin volo

It is inherited from Old Catalan volar, inherited from Latin volō (“to fly”). Coromines notes that the word has kept its shape almost unchanged. The same Latin verb is Occitan volar, Spanish volar…
altre
235 BC–201 BC

from Latin alter

It is inherited from Latin alter (“the other (of two)”). In Vulgar Latin it replaced alius (“other (of many)”), and in this sense it passed into all the Romance languages. The same Latin word is…
amor
235 BC–200 BC

from Latin amor

It is inherited from Latin amor (“love”). The Latin noun is formed from amō (“to love”) with the suffix -or. The same Latin word is Italian amore, French amour, Occitan amor, Spanish amor and…
any
235 BC–201 BC

from Latin annus

It is inherited from Latin annus (“year”). The medieval texts write it an and ayn beside the modern spelling. The same Latin word is Spanish año, Portuguese ano, Italian anno, French an, Occitan an…
bou
235 BC–201 BC

from Latin bos

1. The word for the ox is inherited from Latin bōs (“bovine animal, ox, bull, cow”), through the stem ⟨bov-⟩ of its other cases: Vulgar Latin soon gave up the nominative ⟨bos⟩ and used ⟨bovis⟩ even…
call
235 BC–200 BC

from Latin callum

1. The word for the callus is inherited from Latin callum (“hard skin, callus”). The same Latin word is Spanish callo, Portuguese calo and Italian callo; French cal is a learned remaking of Old…
cantar
235 BC–201 BC

from Latin canto

It is inherited from Latin cantō (“to sing”), the frequentative of canō (“to sing”). In classical Latin the frequentative meant "to sing often, habitually", and sometimes was already close to the…
carn
235 BC–201 BC

from Latin caro

It is inherited from Latin carō (“flesh, meat”), genitive ⟨carnis⟩; Wiktionary and the DCVB name the oblique form ⟨carnem⟩, ⟨carne⟩ as the one continued. The same Latin word is Occitan carn, Spanish…
clar
235 BC–200 BC

from Latin clarus

It is inherited from Latin clārus (“bright, clear”). The same Latin word is Old Occitan clar, French clair, Italian chiaro and Spanish claro. The Latin adjective meant “loud, sonorous” before…
coll
235 BC–201 BC

from Latin collum

1. The word for the neck is inherited from Latin collum (“neck”). The same Latin word is Italian collo, French cou, Occitan còl, Spanish cuello and Portuguese colo. The origin of the Latin word is…
dos
235 BC–201 BC

from Latin duo

It is inherited from Latin duo (“two”), continued in its accusative forms, masculine ⟨duōs⟩ and feminine ⟨duās⟩. The same Latin word is Occitan dos, Spanish dos, French deux, Italian due and…
mut
235 BC–200 BC

from Latin mutus

It is inherited from Old Catalan mut, which is inherited from Latin mūtus (“dumb, inarticulate”). The same Latin word is Occitan mut, Spanish mudo, Portuguese mudo, Italian muto and Romanian mut…
no
235 BC–200 BC

from Latin non

It is inherited from Old Catalan no, which is inherited from Latin nōn (“not”). The same Latin word is Spanish no, Italian non, French non, Portuguese não, Romanian nu and Occitan non. The Latin…
nombre
235 BC–201 BC

from Latin numerus

It is inherited from Old Catalan nombre, which is inherited from Latin numerus (“number”). The same Latin word is Romanian număr, Italian novero, French nombre and Old Occitan nombre. Spanish número…
perdre
235 BC–200 BC

from Latin perdo

It is inherited from Old Catalan perdre, which is inherited from Latin perdō (“to destroy; to lose”), from the infinitive ⟨perdere⟩. The same Latin verb is Old Occitan perdre, French perdre, Spanish…
tard
235 BC–200 BC

from Latin tarde

The adverb is inherited from Old Catalan tart, inherited from Latin tardē (“slowly; late”), the adverb of tardus (“slow”). The DCVB derives the old adjective ⟨tard⟩ “slow” from the Latin adjective…
tenir
235 BC–201 BC

from Latin teneo

It is inherited from Latin teneō (“to hold, keep”), which passed from the second conjugation to the verbs in ⟨-ir⟩. Wiktionary places the change in Early Medieval Latin. Most Romance languages kept…
viu
235 BC–201 BC

from Latin vivus

It is inherited from Latin vīvus (“alive, living”). The same Latin word is Spanish vivo, Portuguese vivo, Occitan viu, French vif, Italian vivo and Romanian viu. The Latin adjective belongs with…
ajudar
205 BC–184 BC

from Latin adiuto

It is inherited from Latin adiūtō (“to help”), a frequentative of adiuvō (“to help”), which is formed from iuvō (“to help”). The same Latin verb is Occitan ajudar, Spanish ayudar, Portuguese ajudar…
arbre
205 BC–184 BC

from Latin arbor

It is inherited from Latin arbor (“tree”). The Latin noun was feminine; Catalan made it masculine. The same Latin word is Occitan arbre, Spanish árbol, Portuguese árvore, Italian albero and Romanian…
barba
205 BC–184 BC

from Latin barba

It is inherited from Latin barba (“beard”). The same Latin word is Occitan barba, Spanish barba, Portuguese barba, Italian barba and French barbe. The Latin word goes back to Proto-Italic *farðā and…
bell
205 BC–184 BC

from Latin bellus

It is inherited from Latin bellus (“pretty, fine”). The same Latin word is Italian bello, French beau and Occitan bèl. The REW takes Spanish bello and Portuguese belo to be borrowings from Italian…
boca
205 BC–184 BC

from Latin bucca

It is inherited from Latin bucca (“cheek; mouth”). In the Latin of the classical writers the word meant the cheek, then a puffed-out mouth full of air or food; in spoken Latin it gradually replaced…
ciutat
205 BC–184 BC

from Latin civitas

It is inherited from Old Catalan ciutat, which is inherited from Latin cīvitās (“the citizens of a state or city; citizenship”), a derivative of cīvis (“citizen”). The same Latin word is Old Occitan…
clau
205 BC–184 BC

from Latin clavis

1. The word for the key is inherited from Latin clāvis (“key, bar, bolt”). The same Latin word is Occitan clau, Spanish llave, Portuguese chave, French clef, Italian chiave and Romanian cheie. The…
cobrir
205 BC–184 BC

from Latin cooperio

It is inherited from Latin cooperiō (“to cover completely”), a compound of operiō (“to shut, cover”). The same Latin verb is Occitan cobrir, Spanish cubrir, French couvrir, Italian coprire…
collir
205 BC–184 BC

from Latin colligo

It is inherited from Latin colligō (“to gather together, collect”), infinitive ⟨colligere⟩. The Latin verb is formed with con- and legō (“to gather, pick; to read”). The same Latin verb is Occitan…
complir
205 BC–184 BC

from Latin compleo

It is inherited from Latin compleō (“to fill up, to complete”), which Wiktionary takes through a Vulgar Latin form of the fourth conjugation, *complīre. Wiktionary calls the past participle in -ert…
convenir
205 BC–184 BC

from Latin convenio

It is inherited from Latin conveniō (“to come together; to agree; to suit”). In the archaic period the reduced variant Old Catalan covenir predominated. Bruguera classes the verb among the learned…
costa
205 BC–184 BC

from Latin costa

1. The word for the coast, the slope and the rib is inherited from Latin costa (“rib; side”), a word that in the Romance languages came to be applied above all to the sides and slopes of mountains…
dolç
205 BC–184 BC

from Latin dulcis

It is inherited from Latin dulcis (“sweet”). The same Latin word is Occitan doç, French doux, Italian dolce, Portuguese doce, Spanish dulce and Romanian dulce. The Latin adjective had one form for…
fe
205 BC–184 BC

from Latin fides

1. The word for faith is inherited from Latin fidēs (“trust, faith; credit; a promise”). The same Latin word is Spanish fe, Portuguese fé, French foi, Italian fede and Occitan fe. The troubadours…
gola
205 BC–184 BC

from Latin gula

It is inherited from Old Catalan gola, which is inherited from Latin gula (“throat, gullet”). The same Latin word is Italian gola, French gueule, Romanian gură (“mouth”) and Portuguese gola. In…
llarg
205 BC–184 BC

from Latin largus

It is inherited from Old Catalan larch, which is inherited from Latin largus (“abundant, considerable; generous”). In Vulgar Latin the adjective took the sense "wide" in some regions and "long" in…
llevar
205 BC–184 BC

from Latin levo

It is inherited from Old Catalan levar, which is inherited from Latin levō (“to lighten; to raise; to relieve”). The Latin verb was made from levis (“light, not heavy”), the source of Catalan lleu…

All Catalan words inherited from Latin, by century →