supraviețuire

Forms

supraviețuire f (plural supraviețuiri)^[1]

Etymology

It is the long infinitive of supraviețui “to survive”, formed from Romanian supraviețui + -re.^{[2][3][4][1][5]} The verb was formed from supra- and viețui “to live” on the model of French survivre.^[2][6][7]

Earliest recorded meaning

Barcianu's dictionary of 1886 glosses it with German das Überleben “survival” and die Anwartschaft “expectancy, right of succession”.^[8] MDA2 and the DLR give Damé's dictionary (1893–1895) as the first record.^[3][5]

Semantic evolution

Early dictionaries record a legal sense, the right to succeed someone in an office or dignity after his death, and Șăineanu (1929) also a custom surviving from ancient times.^[9][5] Scriban (1939) has the sense “something that has not yet disappeared”.^[10] The DLR's literary examples, from Camil Petrescu and Cocea on, use it for staying alive after someone's death or after a misfortune, and for the continued existence of objects, works of art or methods after their makers are gone.^[5] An insurance sense, reaching the term of a life insurance with the right to the sum insured, is recorded too.^[5][3]

Timeline

• 1886 – in Barcianu's Romanian–German dictionary.^[8]
• 1893–1895 – in Damé's dictionary.^[3][5]
• 1929 – Șăineanu adds the sense “a custom surviving from old times”.^[9]

Meanings

Noun

1. survival: staying alive after someone's death or after a misfortune, a loss; by extension, continuing to live.^[2][3][5][1]
2. The continued existence of objects, works of art, methods etc. after those who made them are gone; a survivance.^[3][5]
3. (law, dated) The right to succeed someone in an office or dignity after his death.^[3][5][9]
4. (insurance) Reaching the term of a life insurance, with the right to the sum insured.^[3][5]

Related words

• viață
• viețui

References

1. ^ a b c Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
2. ^ a b c DEX (2009), Dicționarul explicativ al limbii române [Explanatory dictionary of the Romanian language], Bucharest: Editura Univers Enciclopedic, p. 1078
3. ^ a b c d e f g h Academia Română, Institutul de Lingvistică „Iorgu Iordan – Al. Rosetti” (2010), Micul dicționar academic, 2nd ed., 4 vols., București: Univers Enciclopedic Gold, p. 2, 1068
4. ^ Marcu, Florin; Maneca, Constant (1986), Dicționar de neologisme, 3rd ed., București: Editura Academiei Republicii Socialiste România, p. s.v. supraviețuire
5. ^ a b c d e f g h i j Academia Română (1965–2010), Dicționarul limbii române (DLR), serie nouă, tom I–XIX, București: Editura Academiei Române, p. s.v. supraviețuire
6. ^ Marcu, Florin; Maneca, Constant (1986), Dicționar de neologisme, 3rd ed., București: Editura Academiei Republicii Socialiste România, p. s.v. supraviețui
7. ^ Academia Română (1965–2010), Dicționarul limbii române (DLR), serie nouă, tom I–XIX, București: Editura Academiei Române, p. s.v. supraviețui
8. ^ a b Barcianu, Sava Popovici (1886), Dicționar român-germân și germân-român, revised by D. P. Barcianu, part I: român-germân, Sibiu: Institut tipografic, p. 624
9. ^ a b c Șăineanu, Lazăr (1929), Dicționar universal al limbei române, 6th ed., Craiova: Scrisul Românesc, p. 630
10. ^ Scriban, August (1939), Dicționaru limbii românești (etimologii, înțelesuri, exemple, citațiuni, arhaizme, neologizme, provincializme), Iași: Presa Bună, p. 1268