rășinos

Forms

rășinos m or n (feminine singular rășinoasă, masculine plural rășinoși, feminine/neuter plural rășinoase)^[1] Older and regional forms are reșinos and râșinos: a periodical of 1848 has a cottage lined „cu lemn reșinos” “with resinous wood”, and a text of 1893 on bees speaks of „o materie râșinoasă” “a resinous matter”.^[2][3][4]

Etymology

It is formed from Romanian rășină + -os.^[5][4][2][6] Wiktionary also allows a borrowing from Latin resīnōsus (“resinous”);^[1] Cihac, Scriban and Șăineanu gave the Latin adjective as the source, Scriban with Italian resinoso, Occitan rozinos and French résineux.^[7][8][9] The Latin word, formed on rēsīna (“resin”), is used by Columella and Pliny.^[10] rășină itself goes back to the Latin noun.^[7]

Earliest recorded meaning

Tiktin dates the first record to 1703.^[3] DLR's earliest quotation is from Beldiman's translation of Florian's Numa Pompilius (1820), where a heart catches fire from one spark „ca un lemn rășinos” “like a resinous log”.^[2][11]

Semantic evolution

The adjective describes trees that produce resin and things that look or behave like resin, sticky or gluey.^[5][4] As a feminine plural noun, rășinoase became the forestry term for the conifers.^[5][12] 19th-century physics called negative static electricity, produced by rubbing a stick of resin with cloth, electricitate rășinoasă.^[4][12] Regionally MDA2 records it of clayey soil.^[4]

Timeline

• 1703 – first record.^[3]
• 1820 – lemn rășinos “resinous wood” in Beldiman's Numa Pompilius.^[2]
• 1825 – rășinos “pitchy, resinous” in the Lexicon de la Buda.^[13]
• 1848 – the form reșinos.^[2]
• 1893 – the form râșinos.^[3]

Meanings

Adjective

1. Of trees: containing or producing resin.^[5][4]
2. Having the look and properties of resin; sticky, lipicios.^[5][4]
3. (regional, of soil) clayey, heavy.^[4]
4. (physics, dated; in electricitate rășinoasă) Negative static electricity, produced by rubbing resin with cloth.^[4][12]

Noun

1. (feminine plural rășinoase) conifers: trees and shrubs whose organs contain resin and which form large forests.^[5][4]

References

1. ^ a b c Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
2. ^ a b c d e Academia Română (1965–2010), Dicționarul limbii române (DLR), serie nouă, tom I–XIX, București: Editura Academiei Române, p. s.v. rășinos
3. ^ a b c d Tiktin, Hariton (2000–2005), Rumänisch-deutsches Wörterbuch, 3rd ed., revised by Paul Miron and Elsa Lüder, 3 vols., Cluj-Napoca: Clusium, p. s.v. rășinos
4. ^ a b c d e f g h i j Academia Română, Institutul de Lingvistică „Iorgu Iordan – Al. Rosetti” (2010), Micul dicționar academic, 2nd ed., 4 vols., București: Univers Enciclopedic Gold, p. 2, 647
5. ^ a b c d e f DEX (2009), Dicționarul explicativ al limbii române [Explanatory dictionary of the Romanian language], Bucharest: Editura Univers Enciclopedic, p. 920
6. ^ Wikționar (Romanian Wiktionary), ro.wiktionary.org
7. ^ a b Cihac, A. de (1870), Dictionnaire d'étymologie daco-romane I: Éléments latins comparés avec les autres langues romanes, Frankfurt am Main, p. 228
8. ^ Scriban, August (1939), Dicționaru limbii românești (etimologii, înțelesuri, exemple, citațiuni, arhaizme, neologizme, provincializme), Iași: Presa Bună
9. ^ Șăineanu, Lazăr (1929), Dicționar universal al limbei române, 6th ed., Craiova: Scrisul Românesc, p. 1, 534
10. ^ Glare, P. G. W., ed. (2012), Oxford Latin Dictionary, 2nd ed., Oxford: Oxford University Press
11. ^ Academia Română, Institutul de Lingvistică „Iorgu Iordan – Al. Rosetti” (2010), Micul dicționar academic, 2nd ed., 4 vols., București: Univers Enciclopedic Gold, p. 2, 657
12. ^ a b c Macrea, Dimitrie; Petrovici, Emil (coord.) (1955–1957), Dicționarul limbii romîne literare contemporane, 4 vols., București: Editura Academiei Republicii Populare Romîne
13. ^ Lesicon românescu-latinescu-ungurescu-nemțescu quare de mai mulți autori, în cursul a trideci și mai multor ani s-au lucrat (1825), Buda: Typographia Universității (the Lexicon of Buda, ed. Petru Maior et al.), p. 585