Etymologically

Etymology and origin of the Romanian word pucios

Confidence
Probable
Formation
Derivation
First attested
c. 1500–1520 Psaltirea Hurmuzaki More words from the 15th century
Ultimate origin
Latin puteō
Etymology tree
inherited borrowed derived
Romanian puți
Romanian pucios
Derivations

Pronunciation

  • /puˈt͡ʃʲos/[1]

Forms

pucios m or n (feminine singular pucioasă, masculine plural pucioși, feminine/neuter plural pucioase)[1]

Etymology

It is formed from Romanian puți (“to stink”) + -os.[2][3][4][5] Tiktin compares the formation of cuvios and sperios from cuveni and speria.[4] Ciorănescu also derives it from the verb, probably in place of an older *puțicios, and compares Old Italian and Pistoiese puzzoso.[6] The verb is from Vulgar Latin *putiō, which replaced Latin puteō (“to stink”).[6]

DEX 2009 and Scriban derive the adjective instead from Vulgar Latin *puteōsus.[7][8] Wiktionary gives both explanations.[1]

Earliest recorded meaning

The first record is the feminine pucioasă in Psalm 10:7 of the Psaltirea Hurmuzaki, of the early 16th century.[9] Tiktin cites the Psaltirea Scheiană for the same verse, and MDA2 gives that psalter (c. 1573–1578) as its first record.[4][2] There it qualifies piatră “stone”: piatră pucioasă “stinking stone” is brimstone.[3]

Semantic evolution

Outside the name of sulphur the adjective means “stinking”, above all of sulphur or rotten eggs.[2][7] Budai-Deleanu speaks of a „pucioasă văpaie” “a stinking flame” in the Țiganiada.[10] The phrase piatră pucioasă was shortened to the noun pucioasă “sulphur”.[6][4]

Plant and animal names use the adjective for a bad smell: lemn pucios “stinking wood” is the rowan, burete pucios the stinkhorn and cioară pucioasă the jackdaw.[4][10] In Muntenia and Dobrogea it is used of a dirty, foul-smelling person, and regionally, like puturos, of a lazy one.[2][10]

Timeline

  • c. 1500–1520 – the feminine pucioasă in the Psaltirea Hurmuzaki.[9]
  • c. 1573–1578 – piiatră pucioasă in the Psaltirea Scheiană.[2][3]
  • 1581 – pietră pucioasă in the Palia de la Orăștie.[3]
  • 1825 – puciosu “stinking”, glossed Latin putidus, foetidus, in the Lexicon de la Buda.[11]
  • 1886 – pucios “sulphurous” in Barcianu's dictionary.[12]

Meanings

Adjective

  1. (old and popular) Smelling bad, especially of sulphur; stinking, puturos.[7][2][1]
  2. (old and regional) Sulphurous: apă pucioasă sulphurous mineral water.[2][10]
  3. (regional, also as a noun) dirty and foul-smelling; by extension lazy.[2][10][1]

Word family

Usage notes

The feminine used as a noun, pucioasă “sulphur”, has its own entry.[7] Fixed names with the adjective include lemn pucios “rowan” and cioară pucioasă “jackdaw”.[4]

References

  1. ^ a b c d e Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h Academia Română, Institutul de Lingvistică „Iorgu Iordan – Al. Rosetti” (2010), Micul dicționar academic, 2nd ed., 4 vols., București: Univers Enciclopedic Gold, p. 2, 590
  3. ^ a b c d Academia Română (1913–1949), Dicționarul limbii române (DA), ed. Sextil Pușcariu, tom I (A–B, C, D–De) and tom II (F–I, J–Lojniță), București: Socec / Universul / Monitorul Oficial și Imprimeriile Statului; page scans at cflr-scans.solirom.ro, p. s.v. pucios
  4. ^ a b c d e f Tiktin, Hariton (2000–2005), Rumänisch-deutsches Wörterbuch, 3rd ed., revised by Paul Miron and Elsa Lüder, 3 vols., Cluj-Napoca: Clusium, p. s.v. pucios
  5. ^ Academia Română, Institutul de Lingvistică „Iorgu Iordan – Al. Rosetti” (2002), Noul dicționar explicativ al limbii române, București: Litera Internațional, p. s.v. pucios
  6. ^ a b c Ciorănescu, Alexandru (1958–1966), Diccionario etimológico rumano, La Laguna: Universidad de La Laguna (Romanian ed.: Dicționarul etimologic al limbii române, București: Saeculum, 2001), p. s.v. puți
  7. ^ a b c d DEX (2009), Dicționarul explicativ al limbii române [Explanatory dictionary of the Romanian language], Bucharest: Editura Univers Enciclopedic, p. 895
  8. ^ Scriban, August (1939), Dicționaru limbii românești (etimologii, înțelesuri, exemple, citațiuni, arhaizme, neologizme, provincializme), Iași: Presa Bună, p. 1072
  9. ^ a b Gînsac, Ana-Maria; Ungureanu, Mădălina; Moruz, Alexandru et al., roPsalt: Re-evaluating the Sixteenth Century Romanian Psalters (aligned corpus), Iași: Universitatea „Alexandru Ioan Cuza”, https://scriptadacoromanica.ro, p. Ps 10:7
  10. ^ a b c d e Macrea, Dimitrie; Petrovici, Emil (coord.) (1955–1957), Dicționarul limbii romîne literare contemporane, 4 vols., București: Editura Academiei Republicii Populare Romîne, p. 3, 617
  11. ^ Lesicon românescu-latinescu-ungurescu-nemțescu quare de mai mulți autori, în cursul a trideci și mai multor ani s-au lucrat (1825), Buda: Typographia Universității (the Lexicon of Buda, ed. Petru Maior et al.), p. 558
  12. ^ Barcianu, Sava Popovici (1886), Dicționar român-germân și germân-român, revised by D. P. Barcianu, part I: român-germân, Sibiu: Institut tipografic, p. 518

Related etymologies

  • bun · also from Latin
  • unde · also from Latin
  • veni · also from Latin
  • noi · also from Latin
  • bine · also from Latin
  • un · also from Latin
  • și · also from Latin
  • sta · also from Latin
Cite this entry

“Pucios.” Etymologically, 12 Nov. 2026, etymologically.com/ro/pucios. Accessed 12 Nov. 2026.

Last edited on . ·