propriu

Forms

propriu m or n (feminine singular proprie, plural proprii)^[1] Old texts have proprium, and popular speech propiu.^[2][3] Budai-Deleanu noted that the Romanians of Transylvania said „asta-i propriu a meu” “this is my very own”.^[4]

Etymology

It is borrowed from Latin proprius (“one's own, particular”), with French propre and Italian proprio as further models.^{[5][3][4][2][1]} Ciorănescu gives only the French word, and the dictionaries of neologisms put the Latin first.^[6][7][8] The Latin adjective is traced to *prijos (“own, dear”), from Proto-Indo-European *priHós (“dear, own”).^[9][1]

Earliest recorded meaning

The first record is a marginal gloss proprium in Dosoftei's Lives of the Saints (1682–1686), beside the phrase „care lucru iaste al său” “which thing is his own”.^[4][3][2]

Semantic evolution

Early in the 19th century the word was in use in Transylvania, and the Latinist dictionaries recorded it: Klein's of 1801, the Lexicon of Buda of 1825.^[4][10][11] Negulici (1848) glosses it “belonging to someone alone, his very own”.^[12] Grammatical nume propriu “proper noun”, sens propriu “literal sense” and amor propriu “self-esteem” follow French usage.^[13][7] The phrase propriu-zis means “strictly speaking”.^[5]

Ciorănescu groups proprietar, proprietate and împroprietări with it; their forms without ⟨r⟩ (propietar) are popular.^[6]

Timeline

• 1682–1686 – proprium, a marginal gloss in Dosoftei's Lives of the Saints.^[4][3]
• 1801 – in Klein's dictionary.^[10]
• 1825 – in the Lexicon of Buda, with Latin proprius.^[11]
• 1848 – in Negulici's dictionary of neologisms.^[12]
• 1870 – nume propriu and amor propriu in Costinescu's dictionary.^[13]

Meanings

Adjective

1. own, belonging to someone alone; personal: și-a construit propria casă;^[5][3] nume propriu “proper noun”.^[5][3]
2. Characteristic, specific: a feature propriu to a region.^[5][3]
3. Suitable, good for something; potrivit, adequate.^[5][3]
4. Of words and terms, expressing the idea exactly; of senses, basic, literal;^[5][3] propriu-zis “strictly speaking”.^[5][3]

Word family

• impropriu
• proprietar
• proprietate
• împroprietări

Related words

• Latin proprius

References

1. ^ a b c d e Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
2. ^ a b c Tiktin, Hariton (2000–2005), Rumänisch-deutsches Wörterbuch, 3rd ed., revised by Paul Miron and Elsa Lüder, 3 vols., Cluj-Napoca: Clusium, p. s.v. própriu
3. ^ a b c d e f g h i j Academia Română, Institutul de Lingvistică „Iorgu Iordan – Al. Rosetti” (2010), Micul dicționar academic, 2nd ed., 4 vols., București: Univers Enciclopedic Gold, p. 2, 570
4. ^ a b c d e Academia Română (1965–2010), Dicționarul limbii române (DLR), serie nouă, tom I–XIX, București: Editura Academiei Române, p. s.v. propriu
5. ^ a b c d e f g h DEX (2009), Dicționarul explicativ al limbii române [Explanatory dictionary of the Romanian language], Bucharest: Editura Univers Enciclopedic, p. 886
6. ^ a b Ciorănescu, Alexandru (1958–1966), Diccionario etimológico rumano, La Laguna: Universidad de La Laguna (Romanian ed.: Dicționarul etimologic al limbii române, București: Saeculum, 2001), p. s.v. propriu
7. ^ a b Marcu, Florin; Maneca, Constant (1986), Dicționar de neologisme, 3rd ed., București: Editura Academiei Republicii Socialiste România, p. s.v. propriu
8. ^ Marcu, Florin (2000), Marele dicționar de neologisme, București: Saeculum Vizual, p. s.v. propriu
9. ^ de Vaan, Michiel (2008), Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages, Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series 7, Leiden; Boston: Brill
10. ^ a b Gáldi, László (ed.) (1944), Samuel Klein: Dictionarium valachico-latinum. Primul dicționar al limbii române, Budapest: Királyi Magyar Pázmány Péter Tudományegyetemi Román Intézet (Klein's dictionary of 1801, with Gáldi's etymological study), p. 426
11. ^ a b Lesicon românescu-latinescu-ungurescu-nemțescu quare de mai mulți autori, în cursul a trideci și mai multor ani s-au lucrat (1825), Buda: Typographia Universității (the Lexicon of Buda, ed. Petru Maior et al.), p. 553
12. ^ a b Negulici, I. D. (1848), Vocabular romînesc de toate vorbele streine întroduse pînă acum în limba romînească și de toate cuvintele ce s-ar mai putea introduce încă, București, p. s.v. propriu
13. ^ a b Costinescu, Ion (1870), Vocabularu romano-francesu, 2 vols., Bucuresci, p. 2, 370