pregătire

Forms

pregătire f (plural pregătiri)^[1]

Etymology

It is formed from Romanian pregăti + -re, the long infinitive of the verb used as a noun.^[1][2][3][4]

Earliest recorded meaning

Tiktin dates the first record to 1837, in Costache Negruzzi: „Aceste pregătiri m-au ocupat până seara” “these preparations kept me busy until evening”.^[3][4] MDA2 quotes Asachi, from a modern edition of his writings, on the great preparations Poland was making for revenge.^[5]

Semantic evolution

From the act of making things ready, often in the plural pregătiri “preparations” (for a wedding, a journey, a war), the word came to mean training and the knowledge acquired by it, as in pregătirile de bacalaureat “the preparation for the baccalaureate” in Vlahuță.^[6][3] Scriban records a avea pregătire “to be prepared for something”.^[7] The military phrase pregătire de artilerie, later pregătire de foc, names the barrage that precedes an attack, and the DLR adds a technical sense, the operations before a process of mining or manufacture.^[8][2][4]

Timeline

• 1837 – pregătiri “preparations” in Costache Negruzzi, the first record.^[3]
• 1870 – Costinescu's dictionary glosses it with preparațiune.^[9]
• 1886 – pregătire de răsboiu “war preparations” in Barcianu.^[10]
• 1939 – a avea pregătire in Scriban.^[7]

Meanings

Noun

1. preparation: the act of preparing or getting ready and its result; in the plural, preparations.^[2][5][1]
2. training: the knowledge and skills someone has in a field: a avea pregătire “to be well trained”.^[11][6]
3. (military) pregătire de foc or de artilerie: a barrage of artillery, rocket and air fire before an offensive.^[2][5]

Related words

• pregăti

References

1. ^ a b c Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
2. ^ a b c d DEX (2009), Dicționarul explicativ al limbii române [Explanatory dictionary of the Romanian language], Bucharest: Editura Univers Enciclopedic, p. 866
3. ^ a b c d Tiktin, Hariton (2000–2005), Rumänisch-deutsches Wörterbuch, 3rd ed., revised by Paul Miron and Elsa Lüder, 3 vols., Cluj-Napoca: Clusium, p. s.v. pregătire
4. ^ a b c Academia Română (1965–2010), Dicționarul limbii române (DLR), serie nouă, tom I–XIX, București: Editura Academiei Române, p. s.v. pregătire
5. ^ a b c Academia Română, Institutul de Lingvistică „Iorgu Iordan – Al. Rosetti” (2010), Micul dicționar academic, 2nd ed., 4 vols., București: Univers Enciclopedic Gold, p. 2, 516
6. ^ a b Macrea, Dimitrie; Petrovici, Emil (coord.) (1955–1957), Dicționarul limbii romîne literare contemporane, 4 vols., București: Editura Academiei Republicii Populare Romîne, p. 3, 546
7. ^ a b Scriban, August (1939), Dicționaru limbii românești (etimologii, înțelesuri, exemple, citațiuni, arhaizme, neologizme, provincializme), Iași: Presa Bună, p. 1038
8. ^ Academia Română, Institutul de Lingvistică „Iorgu Iordan” (1998), Dicționarul explicativ al limbii române, 2nd ed., București: Univers Enciclopedic, p. 840
9. ^ Costinescu, Ion (1870), Vocabularu romano-francesu, 2 vols., Bucuresci, p. 2, 339
10. ^ Barcianu, Sava Popovici (1886), Dicționar român-germân și germân-român, revised by D. P. Barcianu, part I: român-germân, Sibiu: Institut tipografic, p. 499
11. ^ Academia Română, Institutul de Lingvistică „Iorgu Iordan – Al. Rosetti” (2002), Noul dicționar explicativ al limbii române, București: Litera Internațional, p. s.v. pregătire