prânzi

Forms

prânzi (third-person singular present prânzește, past participle prânzit) 4th conjugation^[1] An old subjunctive să prânză occurs in the New Testament of 1648: „ca să prânză cu el” “that he would dine with him” (Luke 11:37).^[2][3] Regional prânza and the old present prând are also recorded.^[4]

Etymology

It is inherited from Latin prandeō (“to eat the morning or midday meal”), with a change of conjugation, according to Ciorănescu, who follows Densusianu, Pușcariu, Candrea–Densusianu and the REW.^[5][6] Șăineanu also derived it from Latin, and Wiktionary gives this as the probable source.^[7][1] DEX, NODEX and Tiktin derive it from the noun prânz, and MDA2 does the same while comparing the Latin verb.^[8][9][2][4] The Latin verb is formed from prandium (“late breakfast, lunch”).^[10][1]

It survives as Aromanian prãndzu, also prindzăscu, which Papahagi derives from Latin.^[11][12] Ciorănescu compares Dalmatian, Calabrian and Logudorese verbs, among them Sardinian prandere.^[5][6] Wiktionary also compares Italian pranzare, an Italian derivative of pranzo.^[1][13]

Earliest recorded meaning

Tiktin dates the first record to about 1560, in Coresi's Pravila.^[2] MDA2 gives the Palia de la Orăștie of 1581, where „astădzi vor prândzi cu mine” “today they will dine with me” is said of guests.^[4][3]

Semantic evolution

The verb means to eat the midday meal, and in old and regional use to eat any of the day's main meals.^[4][3] In Transylvania and Bukovina it can mean to have breakfast, because prânz was the morning meal there.^[14] Regionally it is also transitive, “to give someone a meal”.^[4] A proverb uses it: cum și-a gătit, așa a prânzit “as he cooked, so he dined”, that is, one must take the consequences of one's own deeds.^[15]

Timeline

• c. 1560 – Coresi's Pravila, the first record.^[2]
• 1581 – vor prândzi in the Palia de la Orăștie.^[4][3]
• 1648 – the subjunctive să prânză in the New Testament.^[2]
• c. 1660 – prînzesc in the lexicon Lex.St., for a Slavonic verb “to dine”.^[16]
• 1688 – prânziți in the Bucharest Bible.^[17]
• 1801 – Klein's dictionary: Pranzesc, Latin prandeo.^[18]

Meanings

Verb

1. (intransitive) To have lunch, to eat the midday meal; to dine.^[8][9][1]
2. (old and regional) To eat any of the main meals of the day; in Transylvania and Bukovina, to have breakfast.^[4][14]
3. (regional, transitive) To give someone a meal.^[4]

Related words

• prânz
• Aromanian prãndzu

References

1. ^ a b c d e Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
2. ^ a b c d e Tiktin, Hariton (2000–2005), Rumänisch-deutsches Wörterbuch, 3rd ed., revised by Paul Miron and Elsa Lüder, 3 vols., Cluj-Napoca: Clusium, p. s.v. prânzi
3. ^ a b c d Academia Română (1965–2010), Dicționarul limbii române (DLR), serie nouă, tom I–XIX, București: Editura Academiei Române, p. s.v. prânzi
4. ^ a b c d e f g h Academia Română, Institutul de Lingvistică „Iorgu Iordan – Al. Rosetti” (2010), Micul dicționar academic, 2nd ed., 4 vols., București: Univers Enciclopedic Gold, p. 2, 505
5. ^ a b Ciorănescu, Alexandru (1958–1966), Diccionario etimológico rumano, La Laguna: Universidad de La Laguna (Romanian ed.: Dicționarul etimologic al limbii române, București: Saeculum, 2001), p. s.v. prînz
6. ^ a b Meyer-Lübke, Wilhelm (1935), Romanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch, 3rd ed., Heidelberg: Winter, p. 6728
7. ^ Șăineanu, Lazăr (1929), Dicționar universal al limbei române, 6th ed., Craiova: Scrisul Românesc, p. 1, 503
8. ^ a b DEX (2009), Dicționarul explicativ al limbii române [Explanatory dictionary of the Romanian language], Bucharest: Editura Univers Enciclopedic, p. 1, 862
9. ^ a b Academia Română, Institutul de Lingvistică „Iorgu Iordan – Al. Rosetti” (2002), Noul dicționar explicativ al limbii române, București: Litera Internațional, p. s.v. prânzi
10. ^ Glare, P. G. W., ed. (2012), Oxford Latin Dictionary, 2nd ed., Oxford: Oxford University Press
11. ^ Papahagi, Tache (1963), Dicționarul dialectului aromân, general și etimologic, București: Editura Academiei Republicii Populare Romîne, p. 882
12. ^ Pascu, Giorge (1925), Dictionnaire étymologique macédoroumain, 2 vols. (I: Les éléments latins et romans; II: Les éléments grecs, turcs, slaves, albanais, germaniques, magyars, néologismes, créations immédiates, obscurs), Iași: Cultura Națională, p. 1, 147
13. ^ Cortelazzo, Manlio; Zolli, Paolo (1999), Dizionario etimologico della lingua italiana, 2nd ed. by Manlio Cortelazzo and Michele A. Cortelazzo, Bologna: Zanichelli
14. ^ a b Macrea, Dimitrie; Petrovici, Emil (coord.) (1955–1957), Dicționarul limbii romîne literare contemporane, 4 vols., București: Editura Academiei Republicii Populare Romîne, p. 3, 585
15. ^ Damé, Frédéric (1893–1895), Nouveau dictionnaire roumain-français, 4 vols., Bucarest: Imprimerie de l'État, p. s.v. prânzi
16. ^ Ungureanu, Mădălina; Gînsac, Ana-Maria; Moruz, Alexandru (eds.), eRomLex: The First Romanian Bilingual Dictionaries (17th century), Iași: Universitatea „Alexandru Ioan Cuza”, https://scriptadacoromanica.ro, p. s.v. prînzesc
17. ^ Biblia, adecă Dumnezeiasca Scriptură a ceii vechi și a ceii noao leage, București, 1688 (ed. 1988, tricentennial edition), p. Ioan 21:12
18. ^ Gáldi, László (ed.) (1944), Samuel Klein: Dictionarium valachico-latinum. Primul dicționar al limbii române, Budapest: Királyi Magyar Pázmány Péter Tudományegyetemi Román Intézet (Klein's dictionary of 1801, with Gáldi's etymological study), p. 423