pescos

Forms

pescos m or n (feminine singular pescoasă, masculine plural pescoși, feminine/neuter plural pescoase)^[1] Old texts and the dialects of Moldavia and Banat have păscos: Ureche writes of „bălți nu numai păscoase” “ponds not only full of fish”.^[2][3]

Etymology

It is inherited from Latin piscōsus (“teeming with fish”), formed in Latin on piscis (“fish”) with the suffix -ōsus.^{[2][4][5][1][6]} The DLR and MDA2 derive it instead from pește within Romanian.^[3][7] Tiktin explains the /e/ as in pescar.^[2] The Latin adjective survives in Italian pescoso and Spanish pescoso, and Candrea and Densusianu add Old French pescheux.^[4][8][5]

Earliest recorded meaning

Tiktin's first record is Grigore Ureche's chronicle of about 1640, describing Moldavia's many waters and ponds „nu numai păscoase” “not only full of fish”, in which pearls are also found.^[2][3] MDA2 cites the same passage from a modern edition.^[7]

Semantic evolution

The word kept its single sense, “full of fish”, and was listed by the dictionaries of the early 19th century: Budai-Deleanu, the Lexicon de la Buda (Pescosu, “fischreich”) and Klein.^[3][9][10] It is now dated and regional;^[11][3][12] Murnu wrote „marea cea pescoasă” “the fish-filled sea”.^[11][3][12]

Timeline

• c. 1640 – păscoase in Ureche's chronicle.^[2][3]
• 1801 – Pescós, glossed piscosus, in Klein's dictionary.^[10]
• 1825 – Pescosu in the Lexicon de la Buda.^[9]

Meanings

Adjective

1. (dated, regional) abounding in fish, full of fish: un lac pescos “a lake rich in fish”.^{[7][3][12][1]}

Related words

• pește
• pescar
• Latin piscōsus

References

1. ^ a b c d Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
2. ^ a b c d e Tiktin, Hariton (2000–2005), Rumänisch-deutsches Wörterbuch, 3rd ed., revised by Paul Miron and Elsa Lüder, 3 vols., Cluj-Napoca: Clusium, p. s.v. pescos
3. ^ a b c d e f g h Academia Română (1965–2010), Dicționarul limbii române (DLR), serie nouă, tom I–XIX, București: Editura Academiei Române, p. s.v. pescos
4. ^ a b Meyer-Lübke, Wilhelm (1935), Romanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch, 3rd ed., Heidelberg: Winter, p. 6533
5. ^ a b Scriban, August (1939), Dicționaru limbii românești (etimologii, înțelesuri, exemple, citațiuni, arhaizme, neologizme, provincializme), Iași: Presa Bună, p. 971
6. ^ Glare, P. G. W., ed. (2012), Oxford Latin Dictionary, 2nd ed., Oxford: Oxford University Press
7. ^ a b c Academia Română, Institutul de Lingvistică „Iorgu Iordan – Al. Rosetti” (2010), Micul dicționar academic, 2nd ed., 4 vols., București: Univers Enciclopedic Gold, p. 2, 357
8. ^ Candrea, I.-A.; Densusianu, Ov. (1907–1914), Dicționarul etimologic al limbii române: elementele latine (A–Putea), București
9. ^ a b Lesicon românescu-latinescu-ungurescu-nemțescu quare de mai mulți autori, în cursul a trideci și mai multor ani s-au lucrat (1825), Buda: Typographia Universității (the Lexicon of Buda, ed. Petru Maior et al.), p. 499
10. ^ a b Gáldi, László (ed.) (1944), Samuel Klein: Dictionarium valachico-latinum. Primul dicționar al limbii române, Budapest: Királyi Magyar Pázmány Péter Tudományegyetemi Román Intézet (Klein's dictionary of 1801, with Gáldi's etymological study), p. 416
11. ^ a b DEX (2009), Dicționarul explicativ al limbii române [Explanatory dictionary of the Romanian language], Bucharest: Editura Univers Enciclopedic, p. s.v. pescos
12. ^ a b c Bulgăr, Gheorghe; Constantinescu-Dobridor, Gheorghe (2002), Dicționar de arhaisme și regionalisme, 2 vols., București: Saeculum Vizual, p. s.v. pescos