Etymology and origin of the Romanian word pervers
- Confidence
- Established
- Formation
- Borrowing
- First attested
- 1799 Paul Iorgovici, Observații de limba rumânească More words from the 18th century
- Borrowed from
- French pervers
- Ultimate origin
- Latin pervertō
Pronunciation
- /perˈvers/[1]
Forms
pervers m or n (feminine singular perversă, masculine plural perverși, feminine/neuter plural perverse)[1]
Etymology
It is borrowed from French pervers.[2][3][4][1] The MDN and NODEX name the Latin perversus beside the French, and the DN compares it;[5][6][7] Tiktin derived it from Italian perverso,[8] and Scriban from Latin.[9] The French word is a learned borrowing from the Latin adjective,[1] which is the participle of pervertō (“to overturn”) and first meant “turned the wrong way, reversed”.[10][11] Graur places it in the Latin family of vertō (“to turn”), with vers and advers.[12]
Earliest recorded meaning
The first record is Paul Iorgovici's Observații de limba rumânească, printed at Buda in 1799.[2][8] In 1848 Negulici listed it among the new words, with the Latin perversus, as “very corrupted”.[13]
Semantic evolution
The 19th-century dictionaries gave it the moral sense: Costinescu in 1870 “depraved, corrupted, without fear of God”,[14] and Barcianu German verdorben “corrupt”.[15] Caragiale wrote of a man who has one virtue, the awareness of his own wickedness: „Omul acesta pervers are o virtute — conștiința ticăloșiei lui”.[16] The sexual sense, “abnormal in sexual behaviour”, appears beside the moral one in the dictionaries from the DLRLC on,[16] and the word is often used as a noun, un pervers.[3][7][5] A weaker sense is “sly, two-faced”.[3][2]
Timeline
- 1799 – in Iorgovici's Observații de limba rumânească.[2][8]
- 1848 – Negulici lists it among the neologisms.[13]
- 1870 – Costinescu glosses it “depraved, corrupted”.[14]
- 1886 – Barcianu glosses it German verdorben.[15]
Meanings
Adjective
- (of people; often as a noun) Inclined to wrongdoing, ready to do harm; morally corrupt, depraved.[3][2]
- (weakened) perfidious, two-faced.[3][2]
- Showing sexual perversion.[3][5]
- (of instincts, thoughts or acts) Showing perversity: o minte perversă “a perverse mind”.[3][4]
Related words
- perversitate
- perverti
References
- ^ a b c d Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
- ^ a b c d e f Academia Română, Institutul de Lingvistică „Iorgu Iordan – Al. Rosetti” (2010), Micul dicționar academic, 2nd ed., 4 vols., București: Univers Enciclopedic Gold, p. 2, 356
- ^ a b c d e f g DEX (2009), Dicționarul explicativ al limbii române [Explanatory dictionary of the Romanian language], Bucharest: Editura Univers Enciclopedic, p. 808
- ^ a b Academia Română (1965–2010), Dicționarul limbii române (DLR), serie nouă, tom I–XIX, București: Editura Academiei Române, p. s.v. pervers
- ^ a b c Marcu, Florin (2000), Marele dicționar de neologisme, București: Saeculum Vizual
- ^ Academia Română, Institutul de Lingvistică „Iorgu Iordan – Al. Rosetti” (2002), Noul dicționar explicativ al limbii române, București: Litera Internațional
- ^ a b Marcu, Florin; Maneca, Constant (1986), Dicționar de neologisme, 3rd ed., București: Editura Academiei Republicii Socialiste România
- ^ a b c Tiktin, Hariton (2000–2005), Rumänisch-deutsches Wörterbuch, 3rd ed., revised by Paul Miron and Elsa Lüder, 3 vols., Cluj-Napoca: Clusium, p. s.v. pervérs
- ^ Scriban, August (1939), Dicționaru limbii românești (etimologii, înțelesuri, exemple, citațiuni, arhaizme, neologizme, provincializme), Iași: Presa Bună, p. 970
- ^ Glare, P. G. W., ed. (2012), Oxford Latin Dictionary, 2nd ed., Oxford: Oxford University Press
- ^ Lewis, Charlton T.; Short, Charles (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- ^ Graur, Alexandru (1980), Cuvinte înrudite, București: Editura Științifică și Enciclopedică
- ^ a b Negulici, I. D. (1848), Vocabular romînesc de toate vorbele streine întroduse pînă acum în limba romînească și de toate cuvintele ce s-ar mai putea introduce încă, București
- ^ a b Costinescu, Ion (1870), Vocabularu romano-francesu, 2 vols., Bucuresci, p. 2, 285
- ^ a b Barcianu, Sava Popovici (1886), Dicționar român-germân și germân-român, revised by D. P. Barcianu, part I: român-germân, Sibiu: Institut tipografic, p. 472
- ^ a b Macrea, Dimitrie; Petrovici, Emil (coord.) (1955–1957), Dicționarul limbii romîne literare contemporane, 4 vols., București: Editura Academiei Republicii Populare Romîne, p. 3, 394
Related etymologies
Cite this entry
“Pervers.” Etymologically, 12 Nov. 2026, etymologically.com/ro/pervers. Accessed 12 Nov. 2026.
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