Etymologically

Etymology and origin of the Romanian word mulțime

Confidence
Established
Formation
Derivation
First attested
c. 1500–1520 Psaltirea Hurmuzaki More words from the 15th century
Ultimate origin
Latin multus
Etymology tree
inherited borrowed derived
Latin multus
Aromanian multu
Italian molto
Romanian mult
Romanian mulțime
Spanish mucho
From the same root
Latin multiformis ← multus
Latin multimodīs ← multus
Latin multiplex ← multus
Latin multiplus ← multus
Latin multitūdō ← multus
Latin multō ← multus
Latin multum ← multus
Latin permultus ← multus

Pronunciation

  • /mulˈt͡si.me/[1]

Forms

mulțime f (plural mulțimi)[1]

Etymology

It is formed from Romanian mult (“much, many”) + -ime.[2][3][4][5] Ciorănescu lists it among the derivatives of the adjective, with the old variant mulție.[6] The adjective continues Latin multus (“much, many”).[6] The same formation exists south of the Danube: Aromanian multimi.[7][1]

Earliest recorded meaning

The oldest record is the articled form mulțimea in the Psaltirea Hurmuzaki of the early 16th century, at Psalms 5:12 and 32:17.[8] MDA2 and Tiktin date it from the Codicele Voronețean, where it renders “multitude” in the Acts of the Apostles (Acts 25:24).[4][5] A 17th-century manuscript asks God not to remember „mulțimea păcatelor meale” “the multitude of my sins”.[5]

Semantic evolution

The first sense is a large number or quantity, followed by a plural with de: the Pravila has „mulțime de oameni” “a crowd of people”, Neculce „mulțime de orânduieli” “a great many orders”.[2] Today the phrase usually takes the indefinite article, o mulțime de.[2] The 1688 Bible uses the word more than 160 times.[9] The 17th-century Slavonic–Romanian lexicons gloss Slavonic множество with it.[10]

From “great number” came “crowd, people gathered together”, and then “the masses, the common people”, which Scriban and Șăineanu glossed with gloată and prostime.[4][11][12] Obsolete senses included a majority of votes and, in grammar, numărul mulțimii “the plural number”.[4] In modern mathematics the word means a set, with terms such as mulțime vidă “empty set”.[3]

Ciorănescu derives the verb mulțumi “to thank” from mulțime through *mulțimi, against the generally accepted derivation from la mulți ani “many years”.[13]

Timeline

  • c. 1500–1520 – mulțimea in the Psaltirea Hurmuzaki.[8]
  • c. 1563–1583 – mulțime in the Codicele Voronețean.[4][5]
  • 1649 – Mardarie's lexicon glosses Slavonic “multitude” with it.[10]
  • 1688 – frequent in the Bucharest Bible.[9]
  • 1802 – the variant înmulțime in a document.[5]
  • 1825 – the Lexicon de la Buda glosses it with Latin multitudo.[14]

Meanings

Noun

  1. A large number of beings or things; a great quantity: o mulțime de cărți “a lot of books”.[3][4]
  2. A crowd, many people gathered together; specifically, the broad masses of the population.[3][4]
  3. (mathematics) A set: a collection of objects, its elements, given by listing them or by a property only they share;[3][4] mulțime vidă “empty set”.[3][4]
  • mult
  • înmulți
  • mulțumi
  • Aromanian multimi

References

  1. ^ a b c Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
  2. ^ a b c Academia Română (1965–2010), Dicționarul limbii române (DLR), serie nouă, tom I–XIX, București: Editura Academiei Române, p. s.v. mulțime
  3. ^ a b c d e f DEX (2009), Dicționarul explicativ al limbii române [Explanatory dictionary of the Romanian language], Bucharest: Editura Univers Enciclopedic, p. 682
  4. ^ a b c d e f g h i Academia Română, Institutul de Lingvistică „Iorgu Iordan – Al. Rosetti” (2010), Micul dicționar academic, 2nd ed., 4 vols., București: Univers Enciclopedic Gold, p. 2, 75
  5. ^ a b c d e Tiktin, Hariton (2000–2005), Rumänisch-deutsches Wörterbuch, 3rd ed., revised by Paul Miron and Elsa Lüder, 3 vols., Cluj-Napoca: Clusium, p. s.v. mulțime
  6. ^ a b Ciorănescu, Alexandru (1958–1966), Diccionario etimológico rumano, La Laguna: Universidad de La Laguna (Romanian ed.: Dicționarul etimologic al limbii române, București: Saeculum, 2001), p. s.v. mult
  7. ^ Cunia, Tiberius (2008), Dictsiunar a limbãljei armãneascã, Editsii Timpurarã (after T. Papahagi, Ș. Mihăileanu and I. Dalametra; online at dixionline.net), p. 679
  8. ^ a b Gînsac, Ana-Maria; Ungureanu, Mădălina; Moruz, Alexandru et al., roPsalt: Re-evaluating the Sixteenth Century Romanian Psalters (aligned corpus), Iași: Universitatea „Alexandru Ioan Cuza”, https://scriptadacoromanica.ro, p. Ps 5:12
  9. ^ a b Biblia, adecă Dumnezeiasca Scriptură a ceii vechi și a ceii noao leage, București, 1688 (ed. 1988, tricentennial edition), p. Facerea 16:10
  10. ^ a b Ungureanu, Mădălina; Gînsac, Ana-Maria; Moruz, Alexandru (eds.), eRomLex: The First Romanian Bilingual Dictionaries (17th century), Iași: Universitatea „Alexandru Ioan Cuza”, https://scriptadacoromanica.ro, p. s.v. mulțime
  11. ^ Scriban, August (1939), Dicționaru limbii românești (etimologii, înțelesuri, exemple, citațiuni, arhaizme, neologizme, provincializme), Iași: Presa Bună, p. 841
  12. ^ Șăineanu, Lazăr (1929), Dicționar universal al limbei române, 6th ed., Craiova: Scrisul Românesc, p. 1, 412
  13. ^ Ciorănescu, Alexandru (1958–1966), Diccionario etimológico rumano, La Laguna: Universidad de La Laguna (Romanian ed.: Dicționarul etimologic al limbii române, București: Saeculum, 2001), p. s.v. mulțumi
  14. ^ Lesicon românescu-latinescu-ungurescu-nemțescu quare de mai mulți autori, în cursul a trideci și mai multor ani s-au lucrat (1825), Buda: Typographia Universității (the Lexicon of Buda, ed. Petru Maior et al.), p. 406
Cite this entry

“Mulțime.” Etymologically, 11 Nov. 2026, etymologically.com/ro/mul%C8%9Bime. Accessed 12 Nov. 2026.

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