mânc

Forms

mânc n (plural mâncuri)^[1] As an adjective the word has the plurals mânci and mânce;^[2][3] Polizu records the Latinizing form manc, mancă: „este mancă de o țâță” “she lacks one breast”.^[2][3]

Etymology

It is inherited from Latin mancus (“maimed, crippled”).^[4][2][3][1] Ciorănescu cites Densusianu, Candrea and Scriban for this; he doubts Pușcariu's link of the Moldavian adjective manc (“imperfect, faulty”) with the same Latin word, while DLR takes it for a Latinizing form of this word.^[4][2] De Vaan connects the Latin word with manus (“hand”), with a shift from “handy” to “defective in the hand”.^[5]

The Latin adjective lives on in Italian manco (“lacking”), Old French manc, Occitan manc and Catalan manc, Spanish manco and Portuguese manco “one-armed”, and gave Italian the verb mancare (“to be lacking”).^[6][7]

Earliest recorded meaning

The first record is the adjective manc “lacking” in Polizu's Romanian–German dictionary of 1857.^[3][2] The noun, for the hollow of the sole of the foot, is recorded in the Banat by Candrea and Densusianu.^[7][2]

Semantic evolution

The adjective kept the Latin senses “lacking (something)”, “one-armed, maimed”.^[2][3] Used as a noun, it named the part of the sole that does not touch the ground, the arch of the foot;^[4][8][9] DLRM and Scriban record this sense as regional, Scriban for the Banat.^[4][8][9]

Timeline

• 1857 – manc “lacking” in Polizu's dictionary.^[3][2]
• 1907–1914 – mânc “hollow of the sole” in Candrea and Densusianu's dictionary.^[7]

Meanings

Noun

1. (regional, Banat) The hollow in the sole of the foot, the arch.^[2][8][1]

Adjective

1. (regional, Banat) Maimed, one-armed, crippled.^[2][3]
2. (in the form manc) Lacking something.^[2][3]

Usage notes

Mânc is also an old spelling of a form of mânca “to eat”: Scriban sends it to mănânc, and the Psalter of Ciobanu has it at Psalm 101:5.^[9][10]

References

1. ^ a b c Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
2. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k Academia Română (1965–2010), Dicționarul limbii române (DLR), serie nouă, tom I–XIX, București: Editura Academiei Române, p. s.v. mânc
3. ^ a b c d e f g h Academia Română, Institutul de Lingvistică „Iorgu Iordan – Al. Rosetti” (2010), Micul dicționar academic, 2nd ed., 4 vols., București: Univers Enciclopedic Gold, p. 1, 1468
4. ^ a b c d Ciorănescu, Alexandru (1958–1966), Diccionario etimológico rumano, La Laguna: Universidad de La Laguna (Romanian ed.: Dicționarul etimologic al limbii române, București: Saeculum, 2001), p. s.v. mânc
5. ^ de Vaan, Michiel (2008), Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages, Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series 7, Leiden; Boston: Brill
6. ^ Meyer-Lübke, Wilhelm (1935), Romanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch, 3rd ed., Heidelberg: Winter, p. 5305
7. ^ a b c Candrea, I.-A.; Densusianu, Ov. (1907–1914), Dicționarul etimologic al limbii române: elementele latine (A–Putea), București, p. s.v. mânc
8. ^ a b c Academia Republicii Populare Romîne (1958), Dicționarul limbii romîne moderne, București: Editura Academiei Republicii Populare Romîne, p. 489
9. ^ a b c Scriban, August (1939), Dicționaru limbii românești (etimologii, înțelesuri, exemple, citațiuni, arhaizme, neologizme, provincializme), Iași: Presa Bună, p. 819
10. ^ Gînsac, Ana-Maria; Ungureanu, Mădălina; Moruz, Alexandru et al., roPsalt: Re-evaluating the Sixteenth Century Romanian Psalters (aligned corpus), Iași: Universitatea „Alexandru Ioan Cuza”, https://scriptadacoromanica.ro, p. Ps 101:5