ignora

Forms

ignora (third-person singular present ignoră or, nonstandard, ignorează, past participle ignorat), 1st conjugation^[1]

Etymology

It is borrowed from French ignorer, borrowed from Latin ignōrō (“not to know”): DEX, MDN, DILF and NODEX name both sources.^[2][3][4][5] MDA2 names Italian ignorare beside the French verb, and the DN compares all three.^[6][7] The DA derives it from the Latin verb alone, and Wiktionary from French.^[8][1]

The French verb is itself a learned borrowing of about 1330 from the Latin verb.^[9] In Latin the verb is connected with ignārus (“not knowing”), from in- (“not”) and gnārus (“knowing”).^[9][10] Nocentini explains its long /oː/ by the influence of ignōtus (“unknown”), while de Vaan derives it from a separate stem with ⟨-s-⟩.^[10][11][1] Both views go back to Proto-Indo-European *ǵneh₃- (“to know, recognize”).^[11][1]

Earliest recorded meaning

Negulici's dictionary of the neologisms of 1848 lists it with the senses “not to know, not to be informed about something” and “to be without learning”.^[12] The DA's earliest quotation is from Odobescu, on languages that people who want to keep up with modern science cannot ignore.^[8] MDA2 dates it by the 1887 edition of Odobescu's writings.^[6]

Semantic evolution

The first sense was the Latin and French “not to know”.^[12][8] With a person as object it came to mean “to take no notice of, disregard”, as in Maiorescu's remark that some papers ignored a man while he was at the height of his powers.^[8] MDA2 adds “to fail to greet someone on purpose” and “to neglect, disregard”.^[6] DEX now gives the deliberate sense, “to neglect on purpose, to pass over”, beside “not to know”.^[2] The DA also records the derivatives ignorabil “negligible”, after Latin ignorabilis, and ignorare, and an obsolete ignorație “ignorance”.^[8]

Timeline

• c. 1330 – French ignorer.^[9]
• 1848 – in Negulici's dictionary of neologisms.^[12]
• 1887 – Odobescu's writings, MDA2's first record.^[6][8]
• 1893–1895 – Damé glosses it with French ignorer and gives the present ignorez.^[13]
• 1931 – CADE: “not to know”, with the present ignorez.^[14]

Meanings

Verb

1. Not to know, to be unaware of something.^[2][6]
2. To ignore: to neglect someone or something on purpose, take no notice of, pass over.^[2][5][1]

Related words

• ignorant
• ignoranță

Usage notes

DEX 2009 gives the present ignor, ignoră first and ignorez, ignorează as an alternative; the older dictionaries have only ignorez.^[2][13][14] MDA2 marks ignorez as old, and Wiktionary as nonstandard.^[6][1]

References

1. ^ a b c d e f g Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
2. ^ a b c d e DEX (2009), Dicționarul explicativ al limbii române [Explanatory dictionary of the Romanian language], Bucharest: Editura Univers Enciclopedic, p. 489
3. ^ Marcu, Florin (2000), Marele dicționar de neologisme, București: Saeculum Vizual, p. s.v. ignora
4. ^ Costăchescu, Adriana; Dincă, Daniela; Dragoste, Ramona; Popescu, Mihaela; Scurtu, Gabriela (2009–2010), Dicționar de împrumuturi lexicale din limba franceză (DILF), 2 vols., Craiova: Universitaria, p. s.v. ignora
5. ^ a b Academia Română, Institutul de Lingvistică „Iorgu Iordan – Al. Rosetti” (2002), Noul dicționar explicativ al limbii române, București: Litera Internațional, p. s.v. ignora
6. ^ a b c d e f Academia Română, Institutul de Lingvistică „Iorgu Iordan – Al. Rosetti” (2010), Micul dicționar academic, 2nd ed., 4 vols., București: Univers Enciclopedic Gold, p. 1, 1111
7. ^ Marcu, Florin; Maneca, Constant (1986), Dicționar de neologisme, 3rd ed., București: Editura Academiei Republicii Socialiste România, p. s.v. ignora
8. ^ a b c d e f Academia Română (1913–1949), Dicționarul limbii române (DA), ed. Sextil Pușcariu, tom I (A–B, C, D–De) and tom II (F–I, J–Lojniță), București: Socec / Universul / Monitorul Oficial și Imprimeriile Statului; page scans at cflr-scans.solirom.ro, p. s.v. ignora
9. ^ a b c Rey, Alain, ed. (1992), Dictionnaire historique de la langue française, Paris: Le Robert
10. ^ a b Nocentini, Alberto; Parenti, Alessandro (2010), l'Etimologico: vocabolario della lingua italiana, Firenze: Le Monnier
11. ^ a b de Vaan, Michiel (2008), Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages, Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series 7, Leiden; Boston: Brill
12. ^ a b c Negulici, I. D. (1848), Vocabular romînesc de toate vorbele streine întroduse pînă acum în limba romînească și de toate cuvintele ce s-ar mai putea introduce încă, București, p. s.v. ignora
13. ^ a b Damé, Frédéric (1893–1895), Nouveau dictionnaire roumain-français, 4 vols., Bucarest: Imprimerie de l'État, p. s.v. ignora
14. ^ a b Candrea, I.-A.; Adamescu, Gh. (1926–1931), Dicționarul enciclopedic ilustrat „Cartea Românească”, București: Cartea Românească, p. s.v. ignora