hemoragie

Forms

hemoragie f (plural hemoragii)^[1]

Etymology

It is borrowed from French hémorragie.^[2][3][4][1] The French word is ultimately from Ancient Greek αἱμορραγία (haimorrhagía, “haemorrhage, violent bleeding”), formed from αἱμο- (haimo-, “blood”) and the root of ῥήγνυμι (rhḗgnumi, “to break”).^[1][5] In Romanian it can be analysed as hemo- and -ragie.^[1]

Earliest recorded meaning

MDA2's first record is the Enciclopedia română (1898), with the medical sense, blood leaving the vessels.^[3]

Semantic evolution

The medical sense, a flow of blood after a vessel is torn or cut, is the main one, with phrases such as hemoragie internă “internal bleeding”.^[6][2] A figurative sense, a heavy loss of capital or of what a country needs, appears in the press: hemoragia de dolari “the haemorrhage of dollars” in 1976 and a hemoragie de oameni from East to West in 1996.^[7][4]

Timeline

• 1898 – the first record, in the Enciclopedia română.^[3]
• 1976 – the figurative hemoragia de dolari in the press.^[7]

Meanings

Noun

1. A haemorrhage, heavy bleeding, internal or external, after a blood vessel is torn or cut; a synonym is hemoree.^[2][3][1]
2. (figurative) A heavy outflow or loss of capital or of people.^[2][7]

Related words

• French hémorragie

Usage notes

A nosebleed is hemoragie nazală, medically epistaxis, and an intestinal one enterohemoragie.^[2]

References

1. ^ a b c d e Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
2. ^ a b c d e DEX (2009), Dicționarul explicativ al limbii române [Explanatory dictionary of the Romanian language], Bucharest: Editura Univers Enciclopedic, p. 467
3. ^ a b c d Academia Română, Institutul de Lingvistică „Iorgu Iordan – Al. Rosetti” (2010), Micul dicționar academic, 2nd ed., 4 vols., București: Univers Enciclopedic Gold, p. 1, 1061
4. ^ a b Marcu, Florin (2000), Marele dicționar de neologisme, București: Saeculum Vizual, p. s.v. hemoragie
5. ^ Marcu, Florin; Maneca, Constant (1986), Dicționar de neologisme, 3rd ed., București: Editura Academiei Republicii Socialiste România, p. s.v. hemoragie
6. ^ Macrea, Dimitrie; Petrovici, Emil (coord.) (1955–1957), Dicționarul limbii romîne literare contemporane, 4 vols., București: Editura Academiei Republicii Populare Romîne, p. 2, 451
7. ^ a b c Dimitrescu, Florica (1997), Dicționar de cuvinte recente, 2nd ed., București: Logos (with the 3rd ed., 2013, in CLRE), p. s.v. hemoragie