glorie

Forms

glorie f (plural glorii)^[1] Negulici's dictionary of 1848, in the transitional alphabet, spells the headword ГΛORIE.^[2]

Etymology

It is borrowed from Latin glōria (“glory, fame”), a 19th-century loan.^[3][4][5][6] DEX, DN and MDN name borrowed from Italian gloria beside the Latin word, and Wiktionary does the same.^[7][8][9][1]

The origin of the Latin word is uncertain.^[1] One explanation, which de Vaan reports as accepted by some and rejected by others, connects it with gnārus (“knowing”) and ignōrō, from the root Proto-Indo-European *ǵneh₃- (“to know”); in its favour, words for “glory” in the Indo-European languages often mean “reputation by hearsay”.^[10][1]

Earliest recorded meaning

Tiktin dates the first record to 1808, with the sense “fame”.^[4] MDA2's first record is a document of before 1817 in the Uricariul collection, quoted by DA: „glorie nemuritoare” “immortal glory”.^[5][6]

Semantic evolution

The word entered with the Latin sense of fame and honour won by great deeds, beside the older slavă: Șincai wrote of the Greeks inheriting „gloria sau slava” of their ancestors.^[4][2] Negulici in 1848 gives it the senses of honour, praise and renown and also of splendour and vanity.^[2]

By extension it came to mean a person or thing that brings glory, as in Alexandrescu's „Traian, gloria Romei”.^[6] Costinescu in 1870 adds the honour given to God, and Barcianu in 1886 also the halo of a saint.^[11][12] MDN records the halo in painting and sculpture as a sense of its own.^[9] Romanian formed glorios and glorifica from it.^[3][6]

Timeline

• 1808 – the first record, “fame”.^[4]
• before 1817 – „glorie nemuritoare” in a document of the Uricariul.^[5][6]
• 1848 – defined in Negulici's dictionary of neologisms.^[2]
• 1870 – the senses of splendour and of honour paid to God in Costinescu.^[11]
• 1886 – “halo” among Barcianu's German equivalents.^[12]

Meanings

Noun

1. glory, honour paid to a person or an event; fame won by exceptional deeds or qualities.^[7][5]
2. A person of great worth, a celebrity.^[7][5]
3. (figurative) splendour, brilliance.^[5][13]
4. In painting and sculpture, a radiant halo symbolising holiness.^[9]

Word family

• glorios
• glorifica

Related words

• slavă
• Latin glōria

References

1. ^ a b c d Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
2. ^ a b c d Negulici, I. D. (1848), Vocabular romînesc de toate vorbele streine întroduse pînă acum în limba romînească și de toate cuvintele ce s-ar mai putea introduce încă, București, p. s.v. glorie
3. ^ a b Ciorănescu, Alexandru (1958–1966), Diccionario etimológico rumano, La Laguna: Universidad de La Laguna (Romanian ed.: Dicționarul etimologic al limbii române, București: Saeculum, 2001), p. s.v. glorie
4. ^ a b c d Tiktin, Hariton (2000–2005), Rumänisch-deutsches Wörterbuch, 3rd ed., revised by Paul Miron and Elsa Lüder, 3 vols., Cluj-Napoca: Clusium, p. s.v. glorie
5. ^ a b c d e f Academia Română, Institutul de Lingvistică „Iorgu Iordan – Al. Rosetti” (2010), Micul dicționar academic, 2nd ed., 4 vols., București: Univers Enciclopedic Gold, p. 1, 1005
6. ^ a b c d e Academia Română (1913–1949), Dicționarul limbii române (DA), ed. Sextil Pușcariu, tom I (A–B, C, D–De) and tom II (F–I, J–Lojniță), București: Socec / Universul / Monitorul Oficial și Imprimeriile Statului; page scans at cflr-scans.solirom.ro, p. s.v. glorie
7. ^ a b c DEX (2009), Dicționarul explicativ al limbii române [Explanatory dictionary of the Romanian language], Bucharest: Editura Univers Enciclopedic, p. 442
8. ^ Marcu, Florin; Maneca, Constant (1986), Dicționar de neologisme, 3rd ed., București: Editura Academiei Republicii Socialiste România, p. s.v. glorie
9. ^ a b c Marcu, Florin (2000), Marele dicționar de neologisme, București: Saeculum Vizual, p. s.v. glorie
10. ^ de Vaan, Michiel (2008), Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages, Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series 7, Leiden; Boston: Brill
11. ^ a b Costinescu, Ion (1870), Vocabularu romano-francesu, 2 vols., Bucuresci, p. 1, 491
12. ^ a b Barcianu, Sava Popovici (1886), Dicționar român-germân și germân-român, revised by D. P. Barcianu, part I: român-germân, Sibiu: Institut tipografic, p. 254
13. ^ Academia Română, Institutul de Lingvistică „Iorgu Iordan – Al. Rosetti” (2002), Noul dicționar explicativ al limbii române, București: Litera Internațional, p. s.v. glorie