global

Forms

global m or n (feminine singular globală, masculine plural globali, feminine/neuter plural globale)^[1]

Etymology

It is borrowed from French global.^{[2][3][4][5][6][7][1]} The French adjective is formed on globe (“globe”) with the suffix -al, and goes back to Latin globus (“globe, sphere”).^[1] Within Romanian it can also be analysed as glob with the suffix -al, as Wiktionary notes.^[1]

Earliest recorded meaning

The CADE dictionary of 1931 lists the word as a French loan meaning “taken as a whole, counted in total”, with the examples of a total income and a total sum.^[7] MDA2's first record is Mihai Ralea's travel notes from the Antilles, California and Canada, published in 1955.^[2]

Semantic evolution

The word entered Romanian in the language of accounts and finance: CADE and the DN give venit global, a total income from which no costs are deducted.^[7][4] The DLRLC adds the wider sense of an overall view, as in a poet's “global vision” of reality.^[8] DEX and MDA2 now define it as taking every element of a whole into account, or resulting from the sum of all elements of the same kind.^[3][2]

Timeline

• 1931 – listed in CADE as a French loan, “counted in total”.^[7]
• 1955 – in Mihai Ralea's travel notes, MDA2's first record.^[2]
• 1955–1957 – the DLRLC records the sense “overall, taken as a whole”.^[8]

Meanings

Adjective

1. Taking into account every element of a whole; overall, comprehensive: o analiză globală “an overall analysis”.^[3][2][9]
2. Resulting from the sum of all the elements of the same kind; total: venit global “total income”, before any costs are deducted.^[3][4][5]

Related words

• glob

References

1. ^ a b c d Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
2. ^ a b c d e Academia Română, Institutul de Lingvistică „Iorgu Iordan – Al. Rosetti” (2010), Micul dicționar academic, 2nd ed., 4 vols., București: Univers Enciclopedic Gold, p. 1, 1004
3. ^ a b c d DEX (2009), Dicționarul explicativ al limbii române [Explanatory dictionary of the Romanian language], Bucharest: Editura Univers Enciclopedic, p. 442
4. ^ a b c Marcu, Florin; Maneca, Constant (1986), Dicționar de neologisme, 3rd ed., București: Editura Academiei Republicii Socialiste România
5. ^ a b Marcu, Florin (2000), Marele dicționar de neologisme, București: Saeculum Vizual
6. ^ Academia Republicii Populare Romîne (1958), Dicționarul limbii romîne moderne, București: Editura Academiei Republicii Populare Romîne
7. ^ a b c d Candrea, I.-A.; Adamescu, Gh. (1926–1931), Dicționarul enciclopedic ilustrat „Cartea Românească”, București: Cartea Românească
8. ^ a b Macrea, Dimitrie; Petrovici, Emil (coord.) (1955–1957), Dicționarul limbii romîne literare contemporane, 4 vols., București: Editura Academiei Republicii Populare Romîne, p. 2, 394
9. ^ Academia Română, Institutul de Lingvistică „Iorgu Iordan – Al. Rosetti” (2002), Noul dicționar explicativ al limbii române, București: Litera Internațional