fierar

Forms

fierar m (plural fierari)^[1]

Etymology

It is inherited from Latin ferrārius (“blacksmith”), the view of Pușcariu, Candrea–Densusianu, the REW, the DA, Tiktin, DEX and MDA2.^{[2][3][4][5][6][7]} Ciorănescu lists it among the derivatives of fier “iron”, made with the suffix -ar, and gives the Latin etymology as that of the others;^[2][1] Wiktionary notes that the word corresponds to the noun plus the suffix.^[2][1] Candrea and Densusianu think its sounds were influenced by the noun.^[8] It survives south of the Danube: Aromanian hirar and Megleno-Romanian ierar.^[2][9][10] Romance cognates include Italian ferraio, Spanish herrero and Portuguese ferreiro.^[11]

The Latin noun is formed from ferrum (“iron”) with -ārius.^[1][12]

Earliest recorded meaning

Tiktin's first record is a document of 1700, for the smith.^[4]

Semantic evolution

The DA defines it as one who works iron, often also shoeing horses or building carts, and records an old sense “seller of iron or iron tools”.^[3][6] In Bukovina it names the two horizontal beams over the sheepfold gate.^[3][6] In the 20th century fierar betonist came into use for a worker who shapes and fits the steel bars of reinforced concrete;^[13][5] Dimitrescu quotes it from the press from 1961.^[13][5] Derivatives include fierărie “smithy; ironmongery” and fierăriță “the smith's wife”.^[2]

Timeline

• 1700 – the first record, in a document.^[4]
• 1862 – in Pontbriant's dictionary.^[6]
• 1961 – fierar betonist “reinforcing-steel worker” in the press.^[13]

Meanings

Noun

1. A blacksmith, a worker who shapes iron or other metals while hot: Fierarul a potcovit calul.^[5][6]
2. fierar betonist: a worker who shapes and fits the reinforcement of reinforced concrete.^[5][13]
3. (obsolete) A seller of iron or iron tools.^[6][3]
4. (Bukovina) Each of the two horizontal beams over the gate of a sheepfold.^[6][3]

Word family

• fierărie
• fierăriță

Related words

• fier
• Aromanian hirar

References

1. ^ a b c d Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
2. ^ a b c d e Ciorănescu, Alexandru (1958–1966), Diccionario etimológico rumano, La Laguna: Universidad de La Laguna (Romanian ed.: Dicționarul etimologic al limbii române, București: Saeculum, 2001), p. s.v. fier
3. ^ a b c d e Academia Română (1913–1949), Dicționarul limbii române (DA), ed. Sextil Pușcariu, tom I (A–B, C, D–De) and tom II (F–I, J–Lojniță), București: Socec / Universul / Monitorul Oficial și Imprimeriile Statului; page scans at cflr-scans.solirom.ro, p. s.v. fierar
4. ^ a b c Tiktin, Hariton (2000–2005), Rumänisch-deutsches Wörterbuch, 3rd ed., revised by Paul Miron and Elsa Lüder, 3 vols., Cluj-Napoca: Clusium, p. s.v. fierar
5. ^ a b c d e DEX (2009), Dicționarul explicativ al limbii române [Explanatory dictionary of the Romanian language], Bucharest: Editura Univers Enciclopedic, p. 392
6. ^ a b c d e f g Academia Română, Institutul de Lingvistică „Iorgu Iordan – Al. Rosetti” (2010), Micul dicționar academic, 2nd ed., 4 vols., București: Univers Enciclopedic Gold, p. 1, 901
7. ^ Meyer-Lübke, Wilhelm (1935), Romanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch, 3rd ed., Heidelberg: Winter, p. 3257
8. ^ Candrea, I.-A.; Densusianu, Ov. (1907–1914), Dicționarul etimologic al limbii române: elementele latine (A–Putea), București
9. ^ Papahagi, Tache (1963), Dicționarul dialectului aromân, general și etimologic, București: Editura Academiei Republicii Populare Romîne, p. 557
10. ^ Capidan, Theodor (1935), Meglenoromânii III: Dicționar meglenoromân, București: Academia Română, p. 154
11. ^ Meyer-Lübke, Wilhelm (1935), Romanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch, 3rd ed., Heidelberg: Winter
12. ^ Glare, P. G. W., ed. (2012), Oxford Latin Dictionary, 2nd ed., Oxford: Oxford University Press
13. ^ a b c d Dimitrescu, Florica (1997), Dicționar de cuvinte recente, 2nd ed., București: Logos (with the 3rd ed., 2013, in CLRE), p. s.v. fierar