Etymology and origin of the Romanian word cuminte
- Confidence
- Established
- Formation
- Compound
- First attested
- 1561 Coresi's Tetraevanghel (Luke 8:35) More words from the 16th century
- Ultimate origin
- Proto-Italic *kom,*mn̥ti-
Etymology tree
Pronunciation
- /kuˈmin.te/[1]
Forms
cuminte m or f or n (plural cuminți)[1] The old texts also write it as two words, cu minte: Mardarie's lexicon of 1649 glosses „cu minte” with Latin “rationalis”, and a 17th-century text calls the wise virgins „cele cu minte”.[2][3]
Etymology
It is a compound from Romanian cu (“with”) + minte (“mind”), literally “with mind”.[4][5][2][3][1] Ciorănescu lists it among the derivatives of minte, which continues Latin mēns (“mind”).[6][7]
Earliest recorded meaning
Tiktin's first record is Coresi's Tetraevanghel of 1561, at Luke 8:35, where the man freed from demons sits at Jesus' feet „îmbrăcat și cuminte” “clothed and in his right mind”.[3][2] MDA2 dates it to Coresi's Carte de învățătură of 1581, which tells the same story.[5]
Semantic evolution
The first sense is “in one's right mind, sane”, often opposed to nebun “mad”.[2] It then meant “endowed with reason”, “sensible, wise” and “prudent”: the proverb un nebun aruncă o piatră-n baltă și zece cuminți n-o pot scoate “one fool throws a stone into the pond and ten wise men cannot get it out”.[2][4] The sense “well-behaved, quiet”, said especially of children, is now the most common one.[4][8] In folk speech it also meant “chaste” of girls and “serious, a good housewife” of women.[5] As an adverb it means “sensibly” and “quietly”: stai cuminte “sit still”.[2][9]
Timeline
- 1561 – “in his right mind” in Coresi's Tetraevanghel, Luke 8:35.[3]
- 1581 – in Coresi's Carte de învățătură.[5][2]
- 1649 – cu minte “rationalis” in Mardarie's lexicon.[2]
- 1688 – in the Bucharest Bible.[10]
Meanings
Adjective
- well-behaved, quiet, calm: un copil cuminte.[4][1]
- sensible, wise;[4][1] (as a noun) a wise person.[4][1]
- prudent, careful.[4][5]
Adverb
Word family
- cuminți
- cumințenie
Related words
References
- ^ a b c d e f g Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
- ^ a b c d e f g h i Academia Română (1913–1949), Dicționarul limbii române (DA), ed. Sextil Pușcariu, tom I (A–B, C, D–De) and tom II (F–I, J–Lojniță), București: Socec / Universul / Monitorul Oficial și Imprimeriile Statului; page scans at cflr-scans.solirom.ro, p. s.v. cuminte
- ^ a b c d Tiktin, Hariton (2000–2005), Rumänisch-deutsches Wörterbuch, 3rd ed., revised by Paul Miron and Elsa Lüder, 3 vols., Cluj-Napoca: Clusium, p. s.v. cuminte
- ^ a b c d e f g DEX (2009), Dicționarul explicativ al limbii române [Explanatory dictionary of the Romanian language], Bucharest: Editura Univers Enciclopedic, p. 1, 259
- ^ a b c d e Academia Română, Institutul de Lingvistică „Iorgu Iordan – Al. Rosetti” (2010), Micul dicționar academic, 2nd ed., 4 vols., București: Univers Enciclopedic Gold, p. 1, 570
- ^ Ciorănescu, Alexandru (1958–1966), Diccionario etimológico rumano, La Laguna: Universidad de La Laguna (Romanian ed.: Dicționarul etimologic al limbii române, București: Saeculum, 2001), p. s.v. minte
- ^ Academia Română, Institutul de Lingvistică „Iorgu Iordan – Al. Rosetti” (2010), Micul dicționar academic, 2nd ed., 4 vols., București: Univers Enciclopedic Gold, p. 2, 18
- ^ Macrea, Dimitrie; Petrovici, Emil (coord.) (1955–1957), Dicționarul limbii romîne literare contemporane, 4 vols., București: Editura Academiei Republicii Populare Romîne, p. 1, 602
- ^ a b Academia Română, Institutul de Lingvistică „Iorgu Iordan – Al. Rosetti” (2002), Noul dicționar explicativ al limbii române, București: Litera Internațional, p. s.v. cuminte
- ^ Biblia, adecă Dumnezeiasca Scriptură a ceii vechi și a ceii noao leage, București, 1688 (ed. 1988, tricentennial edition), p. A doua leage 3:18
Cite this entry
“Cuminte.” Etymologically, 12 Nov. 2026, etymologically.com/ro/cuminte. Accessed 12 Nov. 2026.
Last edited on . ·