concedia

Forms

concedia (first-person singular present concediez, third-person singular present concediază, past participle concediat), 1st conjugation.^[1][2]

Etymology

It is borrowed from French congédier (“to dismiss”).^{[3][4][1][2][5]} The French verb is an alteration of Old French congeer or congier, probably under the influence of Italian congedo.^[3][5] The Romanian form with ⟨c⟩ and ⟨d⟩ follows the noun concediu (“leave”), whose Italian source goes back through congiet (“leave to go”) to Latin commeātus (“passage, leave”);^[3][6][7] Tiktin treats the verb as a derivative of that noun, and DLRM sees the influence of concede.^[3][6][7] The older form ⟨congedia⟩ kept the French ⟨g⟩.^[3][6]

Earliest recorded meaning

Tiktin's first record is from about 1800, in the sense “to give someone leave”.^[6] DELR dates the word from 1844, in the form congedia in a text of Nicolae Bălcescu, meaning “to discharge a soldier or an employee”.^[3] MDA2's first record is Costinescu's dictionary of 1870.^[4]

Semantic evolution

The old sense “to grant someone leave”, tied to concediu “leave”, is now out of use; the verb means “to dismiss from a post”.^[4][6][1] The sense “to let someone withdraw, to ask someone to leave” is rare and felt as a Gallicism.^[7][8]

Timeline

• c. 1800 – first record, “to give leave”.^[6]
• 1844 – congedia “to discharge” in Bălcescu.^[3]
• 1870 – concedia in Costinescu's dictionary.^[4]
• 1936 – the abstract noun concediat “dismissal”.^[3]

Meanings

Verb

1. To dismiss from a post or a job; to fire, lay off.^[1][2][5]
2. (rare) To allow someone to withdraw; to ask someone to leave.^[1][8]
3. (obsolete) To grant someone leave.^[4][6]

Related words

• concediu
• demite
• destitui

References

1. ^ a b c d e DEX (2009), Dicționarul explicativ al limbii române [Explanatory dictionary of the Romanian language], Bucharest: Editura Univers Enciclopedic, p. 215
2. ^ a b c Marcu, Florin; Maneca, Constant (1986), Dicționar de neologisme, 3rd ed., București: Editura Academiei Republicii Socialiste România, p. s.v. concedia
3. ^ a b c d e f g h Academia Română, Institutul de Lingvistică „Iorgu Iordan – Al. Rosetti” (2011–), Dicționarul etimologic al limbii române (DELR), vol. I: A–B (2011), vol. II: C (2015–2018), București: Editura Academiei Române; continued online at delr.lingv.ro, p. s.v. concediu
4. ^ a b c d e Academia Română, Institutul de Lingvistică „Iorgu Iordan – Al. Rosetti” (2010), Micul dicționar academic, 2nd ed., 4 vols., București: Univers Enciclopedic Gold, p. 1, 478
5. ^ a b c Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
6. ^ a b c d e f g Tiktin, Hariton (2000–2005), Rumänisch-deutsches Wörterbuch, 3rd ed., revised by Paul Miron and Elsa Lüder, 3 vols., Cluj-Napoca: Clusium, p. s.v. concedia
7. ^ a b c Academia Republicii Populare Romîne (1958), Dicționarul limbii romîne moderne, București: Editura Academiei Republicii Populare Romîne, p. s.v. concedia
8. ^ a b Macrea, Dimitrie; Petrovici, Emil (coord.) (1955–1957), Dicționarul limbii romîne literare contemporane, 4 vols., București: Editura Academiei Republicii Populare Romîne, p. 1, 512