Etymologically

Etymology and origin of the Romanian word compasiune

Confidence
Established
Formation
Borrowing
First attested
1787 I. Văcărescu's Observații More words from the 18th century
Borrowed from
French compassion
Ultimate origin
Latin compassio
Etymology tree
inherited borrowed derived
Latin patior
Latin compatior
Latin compassiō
Romanian compasiune
From the same root
Latin passiō ← patior
Latin passīvus ← patior
Latin patiēns ← patior
Latin perpetior ← patior
Latin compatibilis ← compatior

Forms

compasiune f (uncountable)[1]

Etymology

It is borrowed from French compassion, according to DEX, DA and DLRM, which label it a Gallicism.[2][3][4] MDA2, MDN and Wiktionary give borrowed from Latin compassio beside the French, a case of multiple etymology.[5][6][1] Scriban takes it from the Latin word alone, Tiktin from Italian compassione, and Marcu & Maneca compare both the French and the Italian.[7][8][9]

The Latin noun is a word of Church Latin, first in Tertullian.[10] It is formed from con- and passiō, as a calque of Ancient Greek συμπάθεια (sumpátheia); the related verb is compatior (“to suffer with”).[1] Graur places it in the family of Latin patior (“to suffer”), from which Romanian has păți by inheritance and pasiune, pasiv and pacient as loans.[11]

Earliest recorded meaning

Tiktin's first record is from 1787, in I. Văcărescu's Observații, with the sense “pity”.[8]

Semantic evolution

The meaning has stayed “pity, fellow feeling”.[8][2] Negulici's 1848 dictionary of neologisms explains it as the pain of a soul touched by the troubles of another, with Latin miseratio as its equivalent.[12] Costinescu (1870) still spells it with a double s, compassiune.[13]

DA, DLRM and DLRLC mark the word as a Gallicism, and DEX 1998 and MDA2 as literary; the older compătimire and milă are its usual synonyms.[3][14][15][5]

Timeline

  • 1787 – the first record, in I. Văcărescu's Observații.[8]
  • 1848 – Negulici lists it among the neologisms.[12]
  • 1870 – Costinescu spells it compassiune.[13]
  • 1930 – zâmbet de compasiune “a smile of pity” in the newspaper Universul.[3]

Meanings

Noun

  1. (literary) compassion, pity: a feeling of sympathy for the sufferings and misfortunes of another: L-a privit cu compasiune.[2][16][5]

Usage notes

The i and the u are pronounced in separate syllables: -si-u-.[2]

References

  1. ^ a b c Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
  2. ^ a b c d DEX (2009), Dicționarul explicativ al limbii române [Explanatory dictionary of the Romanian language], Bucharest: Editura Univers Enciclopedic, p. 212
  3. ^ a b c Academia Română (1913–1949), Dicționarul limbii române (DA), ed. Sextil Pușcariu, tom I (A–B, C, D–De) and tom II (F–I, J–Lojniță), București: Socec / Universul / Monitorul Oficial și Imprimeriile Statului; page scans at cflr-scans.solirom.ro, p. s.v. compasiune
  4. ^ Academia Republicii Populare Romîne (1958), Dicționarul limbii romîne moderne, București: Editura Academiei Republicii Populare Romîne
  5. ^ a b c Academia Română, Institutul de Lingvistică „Iorgu Iordan – Al. Rosetti” (2010), Micul dicționar academic, 2nd ed., 4 vols., București: Univers Enciclopedic Gold, p. 1, 472
  6. ^ Marcu, Florin (2000), Marele dicționar de neologisme, București: Saeculum Vizual, p. s.v. compasiune
  7. ^ Scriban, August (1939), Dicționaru limbii românești (etimologii, înțelesuri, exemple, citațiuni, arhaizme, neologizme, provincializme), Iași: Presa Bună, p. 323
  8. ^ a b c d Tiktin, Hariton (2000–2005), Rumänisch-deutsches Wörterbuch, 3rd ed., revised by Paul Miron and Elsa Lüder, 3 vols., Cluj-Napoca: Clusium, p. s.v. compasiune
  9. ^ Marcu, Florin; Maneca, Constant (1986), Dicționar de neologisme, 3rd ed., București: Editura Academiei Republicii Socialiste România, p. s.v. compasiune
  10. ^ Lewis, Charlton T.; Short, Charles (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  11. ^ Graur, Alexandru (1980), Cuvinte înrudite, București: Editura Științifică și Enciclopedică
  12. ^ a b Negulici, I. D. (1848), Vocabular romînesc de toate vorbele streine întroduse pînă acum în limba romînească și de toate cuvintele ce s-ar mai putea introduce încă, București, p. s.v. compasiune
  13. ^ a b Costinescu, Ion (1870), Vocabularu romano-francesu, 2 vols., Bucuresci, p. 1, 220
  14. ^ Macrea, Dimitrie; Petrovici, Emil (coord.) (1955–1957), Dicționarul limbii romîne literare contemporane, 4 vols., București: Editura Academiei Republicii Populare Romîne, p. 1, 505
  15. ^ Academia Română, Institutul de Lingvistică „Iorgu Iordan” (1998), Dicționarul explicativ al limbii române, 2nd ed., București: Univers Enciclopedic, p. 202
  16. ^ Academia Română, Institutul de Lingvistică „Iorgu Iordan – Al. Rosetti” (2002), Noul dicționar explicativ al limbii române, București: Litera Internațional, p. s.v. compasiune

Related etymologies

  • cap · also from French
  • dura · also from French
  • pur · also from French
  • pană · also from French
  • pat · also from French
  • masă · also from French
  • lac · also from French
  • primar · also from French
Cite this entry

“Compasiune.” Etymologically, 12 Nov. 2026, etymologically.com/ro/compasiune. Accessed 12 Nov. 2026.

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