pasiune

Forms

pasiune f (plural pasiuni)^[1] The first record has the old form pasion: „Inima sa îmbătată de pasionele sale” “his heart drunk with its passions” (Calendariu, 1794).^[2][3] A form pasie occurs in a calendar of 1852: „Ochi frumoși… în care străluceau mintea și pasia” “beautiful eyes in which mind and passion shone”.^[2] The 19th-century etymological spelling was passiune.^[4][3]

Etymology

It is a borrowing with several sources, as Romanian dictionaries give it: borrowed from Latin passio (“suffering; passion”), borrowed from French passion, borrowed from German Passion, borrowed from Italian passione;^[3][2][5] MDA2, the DLR and Tiktin name all four.^[3][2][5] DEX, Marcu and NODEX give French, Latin and German, while Scriban gives only Latin.^[6][7][8][9]

The Latin word is formed on patior (“to suffer, endure”) with the suffix -tiō.^[10][1] It meant “suffering” and, in Church Latin, the sufferings of Christ; the sense “strong feeling” is a semantic loan from Ancient Greek πάθος (páthos).^[1][11] The German word took the sense “strong inclination” from French.^[12] The same Latin verb gave the inherited păți, and Graur lists the noun among its learned relatives with pasiv and pacient.^[13]

Earliest recorded meaning

MDA2 and the DLR date the first record to the Calendariu of 1794, where the old form pasion names a lover's passion.^[3][2] Tiktin gives the same year.^[5]

Semantic evolution

Negulici in 1848 still glosses the word with suferință and patimă “suffering”, the Latin sense.^[14] Costinescu in 1870 uses Passiunea Domnului for the Passion of Christ, beside “a violent movement of the soul”.^[4] Love is the first sense in the DLR and MDA2, followed by any strong and lasting feeling, a lively inclination for a study or a trade, and a destructive vice.^[3][6] The religious sense survives as the name of a musical composition on the Passion.^[6][15]

Timeline

• 1794 – first record, as pasion, in the Calendariu.^[3][2]
• 1848 – pasiune glossed “suffering” in Negulici's dictionary.^[14]
• 1852 – the variant pasie.^[2]
• 1870 – Passiunea Domnului “the Passion of the Lord” in Costinescu.^[4]

Meanings

Noun

1. A very intense and lasting feeling for someone or something; passion, strong love;^[6][3][1] cu pasiune “with fervour”.^[6][3][1]
2. A lively inclination for a subject of study or a trade; a strong wish.^[6]
3. A destructive vice or craving.^[6]
4. (music) A composition on the Gospel story of the Passion of Christ.^[6][15]

Related words

• păți
• pasiv
• pacient
• Latin passio

References

1. ^ a b c d e Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
2. ^ a b c d e f g Academia Română (1965–2010), Dicționarul limbii române (DLR), serie nouă, tom I–XIX, București: Editura Academiei Române, p. s.v. pasiune
3. ^ a b c d e f g h i Academia Română, Institutul de Lingvistică „Iorgu Iordan – Al. Rosetti” (2010), Micul dicționar academic, 2nd ed., 4 vols., București: Univers Enciclopedic Gold, p. 2, 279
4. ^ a b c Costinescu, Ion (1870), Vocabularu romano-francesu, 2 vols., Bucuresci, p. 2, 259
5. ^ a b c Tiktin, Hariton (2000–2005), Rumänisch-deutsches Wörterbuch, 3rd ed., revised by Paul Miron and Elsa Lüder, 3 vols., Cluj-Napoca: Clusium, p. s.v. pasiune
6. ^ a b c d e f g h DEX (2009), Dicționarul explicativ al limbii române [Explanatory dictionary of the Romanian language], Bucharest: Editura Univers Enciclopedic, p. 780
7. ^ Marcu, Florin (2000), Marele dicționar de neologisme, București: Saeculum Vizual
8. ^ Academia Română, Institutul de Lingvistică „Iorgu Iordan – Al. Rosetti” (2002), Noul dicționar explicativ al limbii române, București: Litera Internațional, p. s.v. pasiune
9. ^ Scriban, August (1939), Dicționaru limbii românești (etimologii, înțelesuri, exemple, citațiuni, arhaizme, neologizme, provincializme), Iași: Presa Bună, p. 940
10. ^ Glare, P. G. W., ed. (2012), Oxford Latin Dictionary, 2nd ed., Oxford: Oxford University Press
11. ^ Lewis, Charlton T.; Short, Charles (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
12. ^ Kluge, Friedrich; Seebold, Elmar (2011), Etymologisches Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache, 25th ed., Berlin / Boston: De Gruyter, p. 687
13. ^ Graur, Alexandru (1980), Cuvinte înrudite, București: Editura Științifică și Enciclopedică
14. ^ a b Negulici, I. D. (1848), Vocabular romînesc de toate vorbele streine întroduse pînă acum în limba romînească și de toate cuvintele ce s-ar mai putea introduce încă, București
15. ^ a b Marcu, Florin; Maneca, Constant (1986), Dicționar de neologisme, 3rd ed., București: Editura Academiei Republicii Socialiste România