Etymologically

Etymology and origin of the Romanian word aprilie

Confidence
Probable
Formation
Borrowing
First attested
1428 a Slavonic charter (Slavo-Romanian documents) More words from the 15th century
Borrowed from
Old Church Slavonic април҄ь
Ultimate origin
Latin Aprīlis
Etymology tree
inherited borrowed derived
Latin Aprīlis
Aromanian aprir
French avril
Italian aprile
Romanian prier
English April
German April
Romanian aprilie

Pronunciation

  • /aˈprilije/[1]

Forms

aprilie m (uncountable)[1]

Etymology

The church name of the month is borrowed from Old Church Slavonic април҄ь (aprilĭ), the Slavonic form, as DEX, Wiktionary and most of the sources DELR lists give it.[2][3][1] Ciorănescu traces it to Modern Greek Ἀπρίλιος (Aprílios) through the Slavonic forms,[4] and MDA2 gives Slavonic or Greek.[5] DELR records the other views: Hasdeu, Tiktin, the DA and CADE also allow borrowed from Byzantine Greek Ἀπρίλιος (Aprílios) directly, one dictionary names the Modern Greek word, and Cihac took it straight from Latin.[3][6] The Slavonic word comes from the Byzantine Greek one,[7][8] which is from Latin Aprīlis with the Greek suffix -ιος (-ios).[1]

Ciorănescu calls it a word brought in by the Church; the popular name of the month, prier, is the form inherited from Latin.[4][9][1] Hasdeu already set the bookish form beside the popular one and noted Aromanian apriar, recorded by Obedenaru.[10][11]

Earliest recorded meaning

Tiktin's first record is a Slavonic charter of 1428, from the dictionary of Romanian words in the Slavo-Romanian documents.[11] DELR's first Romanian record is the abbreviation ap in a document of 1593.[3] Hasdeu quotes the short form april in a date, “April 8”, from Nicolae Costin's chronicle.[10] The sense has always been the fourth month of the year.[3][5]

Semantic evolution

For a long time the church and chancery name lived beside the popular prier and florar.[12][4] The Lexicon de la Buda (1825) still explains aprilie by prier.[13] Popular etymology linked the month with the verb prii “to do good”, hence the proverb „Prierul priește, dară și jupește” “April does good, but it also flays”.[11]

The short variant april is Moldavian and poetic: Eminescu has „ca luna lui april” and Coșbuc „într-o noapte d-april”.[5][14] In poetry the month also stands for spring itself.[5][14]

Timeline

  • 1428 – the month name in a Slavonic charter, Tiktin's first record.[11]
  • 1593 – the abbreviation ap in a document.[3]
  • 1801 – Aprilie in Klein's dictionary, with Latin Aprilis mensis.[15]
  • 1825 – Aprilie in the Lexicon de la Buda, with the popular prier.[13]
  • 1891 – the forms aprilie, april, aprile and aprillie in Gaster's chrestomathy of old texts.[16]

Meanings

Noun

  1. April, the fourth month of the year: Ne vedem la începutul lui aprilie.[2][5]
  2. (popular, poetic) spring.[5][14]

Usage notes

The word is invariable, with the genitive-dative lui aprilie.[17] The variant april is regional and poetic, and the popular name of the month is prier.[2][5]

References

  1. ^ a b c d e Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
  2. ^ a b c DEX (2009), Dicționarul explicativ al limbii române [Explanatory dictionary of the Romanian language], Bucharest: Editura Univers Enciclopedic, p. 55
  3. ^ a b c d e Academia Română, Institutul de Lingvistică „Iorgu Iordan – Al. Rosetti” (2011–), Dicționarul etimologic al limbii române (DELR), vol. I: A–B (2011), vol. II: C (2015–2018), București: Editura Academiei Române; continued online at delr.lingv.ro, p. s.v. aprilie
  4. ^ a b c Ciorănescu, Alexandru (1958–1966), Diccionario etimológico rumano, La Laguna: Universidad de La Laguna (Romanian ed.: Dicționarul etimologic al limbii române, București: Saeculum, 2001), p. s.v. aprilie
  5. ^ a b c d e f g Academia Română, Institutul de Lingvistică „Iorgu Iordan – Al. Rosetti” (2010), Micul dicționar academic, 2nd ed., 4 vols., București: Univers Enciclopedic Gold, p. 1, 83
  6. ^ Cihac, A. de (1870), Dictionnaire d'étymologie daco-romane I: Éléments latins comparés avec les autres langues romanes, Frankfurt am Main, p. 13
  7. ^ Georgiev, Vladimir I. et al. (eds.) (1971–), Bălgarski etimologičen rečnik, Sofija: Izdatelstvo na Bălgarskata akademija na naukite
  8. ^ Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), Ètimologičeskij slovar' russkogo jazyka, transl. and suppl. by O. N. Trubačev, 4 vols., Moskva: Progress
  9. ^ Meyer-Lübke, Wilhelm (1935), Romanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch, 3rd ed., Heidelberg: Winter, p. 563
  10. ^ a b Hasdeu, B. P. (1886–1898), Etymologicum Magnum Romaniae: dicționarul limbei istorice și poporane a românilor, 4 vols. (A–Bărbat), București: Socec, p. s.v. aprilie
  11. ^ a b c d Tiktin, Hariton (2000–2005), Rumänisch-deutsches Wörterbuch, 3rd ed., revised by Paul Miron and Elsa Lüder, 3 vols., Cluj-Napoca: Clusium, p. s.v. aprílie
  12. ^ Șăineanu, Lazăr (1929), Dicționar universal al limbei române, 6th ed., Craiova: Scrisul Românesc, p. 31
  13. ^ a b Lesicon românescu-latinescu-ungurescu-nemțescu quare de mai mulți autori, în cursul a trideci și mai multor ani s-au lucrat (1825), Buda: Typographia Universității (the Lexicon of Buda, ed. Petru Maior et al.), p. 26
  14. ^ a b c Macrea, Dimitrie; Petrovici, Emil (coord.) (1955–1957), Dicționarul limbii romîne literare contemporane, 4 vols., București: Editura Academiei Republicii Populare Romîne, p. 1, 108
  15. ^ Gáldi, László (ed.) (1944), Samuel Klein: Dictionarium valachico-latinum. Primul dicționar al limbii române, Budapest: Királyi Magyar Pázmány Péter Tudományegyetemi Román Intézet (Klein's dictionary of 1801, with Gáldi's etymological study), p. 303
  16. ^ Gaster, M. (1891), Chrestomatie română: texte tipărite și manuscrise (sec. XVI–XIX), dialectale și populare, cu o introducere, gramatică și un glosar româno-francez, vol. II, Leipzig: Brockhaus / București: Socec, p. s.v. aprilie
  17. ^ Academia Română, Institutul de Lingvistică „Iorgu Iordan – Al. Rosetti” (2002), Noul dicționar explicativ al limbii române, București: Litera Internațional, p. s.v. aprilie

Related etymologies

Cite this entry

“Aprilie.” Etymologically, 12 Nov. 2026, etymologically.com/ro/aprilie. Accessed 12 Nov. 2026.

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