Etymology and origin of the Romanian word aprilie
- Confidence
- Probable
- Formation
- Borrowing
- First attested
- 1428 a Slavonic charter (Slavo-Romanian documents) More words from the 15th century
- Borrowed from
- Old Church Slavonic април҄ь
- Ultimate origin
- Latin Aprīlis
Etymology tree
Pronunciation
- /aˈprilije/[1]
Forms
aprilie m (uncountable)[1]
Etymology
The church name of the month is borrowed from Old Church Slavonic април҄ь (aprilĭ), the Slavonic form, as DEX, Wiktionary and most of the sources DELR lists give it.[2][3][1] Ciorănescu traces it to Modern Greek Ἀπρίλιος (Aprílios) through the Slavonic forms,[4] and MDA2 gives Slavonic or Greek.[5] DELR records the other views: Hasdeu, Tiktin, the DA and CADE also allow borrowed from Byzantine Greek Ἀπρίλιος (Aprílios) directly, one dictionary names the Modern Greek word, and Cihac took it straight from Latin.[3][6] The Slavonic word comes from the Byzantine Greek one,[7][8] which is from Latin Aprīlis with the Greek suffix -ιος (-ios).[1]
Ciorănescu calls it a word brought in by the Church; the popular name of the month, prier, is the form inherited from Latin.[4][9][1] Hasdeu already set the bookish form beside the popular one and noted Aromanian apriar, recorded by Obedenaru.[10][11]
Earliest recorded meaning
Tiktin's first record is a Slavonic charter of 1428, from the dictionary of Romanian words in the Slavo-Romanian documents.[11] DELR's first Romanian record is the abbreviation ap in a document of 1593.[3] Hasdeu quotes the short form april in a date, “April 8”, from Nicolae Costin's chronicle.[10] The sense has always been the fourth month of the year.[3][5]
Semantic evolution
For a long time the church and chancery name lived beside the popular prier and florar.[12][4] The Lexicon de la Buda (1825) still explains aprilie by prier.[13] Popular etymology linked the month with the verb prii “to do good”, hence the proverb „Prierul priește, dară și jupește” “April does good, but it also flays”.[11]
The short variant april is Moldavian and poetic: Eminescu has „ca luna lui april” and Coșbuc „într-o noapte d-april”.[5][14] In poetry the month also stands for spring itself.[5][14]
Timeline
- 1428 – the month name in a Slavonic charter, Tiktin's first record.[11]
- 1593 – the abbreviation ap in a document.[3]
- 1801 – Aprilie in Klein's dictionary, with Latin Aprilis mensis.[15]
- 1825 – Aprilie in the Lexicon de la Buda, with the popular prier.[13]
- 1891 – the forms aprilie, april, aprile and aprillie in Gaster's chrestomathy of old texts.[16]
Meanings
Noun
- April, the fourth month of the year: Ne vedem la începutul lui aprilie.[2][5]
- (popular, poetic) spring.[5][14]
Related words
Usage notes
The word is invariable, with the genitive-dative lui aprilie.[17] The variant april is regional and poetic, and the popular name of the month is prier.[2][5]
References
- ^ a b c d e Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
- ^ a b c DEX (2009), Dicționarul explicativ al limbii române [Explanatory dictionary of the Romanian language], Bucharest: Editura Univers Enciclopedic, p. 55
- ^ a b c d e Academia Română, Institutul de Lingvistică „Iorgu Iordan – Al. Rosetti” (2011–), Dicționarul etimologic al limbii române (DELR), vol. I: A–B (2011), vol. II: C (2015–2018), București: Editura Academiei Române; continued online at delr.lingv.ro, p. s.v. aprilie
- ^ a b c Ciorănescu, Alexandru (1958–1966), Diccionario etimológico rumano, La Laguna: Universidad de La Laguna (Romanian ed.: Dicționarul etimologic al limbii române, București: Saeculum, 2001), p. s.v. aprilie
- ^ a b c d e f g Academia Română, Institutul de Lingvistică „Iorgu Iordan – Al. Rosetti” (2010), Micul dicționar academic, 2nd ed., 4 vols., București: Univers Enciclopedic Gold, p. 1, 83
- ^ Cihac, A. de (1870), Dictionnaire d'étymologie daco-romane I: Éléments latins comparés avec les autres langues romanes, Frankfurt am Main, p. 13
- ^ Georgiev, Vladimir I. et al. (eds.) (1971–), Bălgarski etimologičen rečnik, Sofija: Izdatelstvo na Bălgarskata akademija na naukite
- ^ Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), Ètimologičeskij slovar' russkogo jazyka, transl. and suppl. by O. N. Trubačev, 4 vols., Moskva: Progress
- ^ Meyer-Lübke, Wilhelm (1935), Romanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch, 3rd ed., Heidelberg: Winter, p. 563
- ^ a b Hasdeu, B. P. (1886–1898), Etymologicum Magnum Romaniae: dicționarul limbei istorice și poporane a românilor, 4 vols. (A–Bărbat), București: Socec, p. s.v. aprilie
- ^ a b c d Tiktin, Hariton (2000–2005), Rumänisch-deutsches Wörterbuch, 3rd ed., revised by Paul Miron and Elsa Lüder, 3 vols., Cluj-Napoca: Clusium, p. s.v. aprílie
- ^ Șăineanu, Lazăr (1929), Dicționar universal al limbei române, 6th ed., Craiova: Scrisul Românesc, p. 31
- ^ a b Lesicon românescu-latinescu-ungurescu-nemțescu quare de mai mulți autori, în cursul a trideci și mai multor ani s-au lucrat (1825), Buda: Typographia Universității (the Lexicon of Buda, ed. Petru Maior et al.), p. 26
- ^ a b c Macrea, Dimitrie; Petrovici, Emil (coord.) (1955–1957), Dicționarul limbii romîne literare contemporane, 4 vols., București: Editura Academiei Republicii Populare Romîne, p. 1, 108
- ^ Gáldi, László (ed.) (1944), Samuel Klein: Dictionarium valachico-latinum. Primul dicționar al limbii române, Budapest: Királyi Magyar Pázmány Péter Tudományegyetemi Román Intézet (Klein's dictionary of 1801, with Gáldi's etymological study), p. 303
- ^ Gaster, M. (1891), Chrestomatie română: texte tipărite și manuscrise (sec. XVI–XIX), dialectale și populare, cu o introducere, gramatică și un glosar româno-francez, vol. II, Leipzig: Brockhaus / București: Socec, p. s.v. aprilie
- ^ Academia Română, Institutul de Lingvistică „Iorgu Iordan – Al. Rosetti” (2002), Noul dicționar explicativ al limbii române, București: Litera Internațional, p. s.v. aprilie
Related etymologies
Cite this entry
“Aprilie.” Etymologically, 12 Nov. 2026, etymologically.com/ro/aprilie. Accessed 12 Nov. 2026.
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