analiza

Forms

analiza (third-person singular present analizează, past participle analizat), 1st conjugation^[1]

Etymology

It is borrowed from French analyser, as DELR, DEX, MDA2, DN, MDN and Wiktionary state.^{[2][3][4][5][6][1]} Tiktin and Wikționar treat it instead as formed in Romanian on the noun analiză.^[7][8] The French verb is formed on analyse with -er.^[1] That noun goes back to Ancient Greek ἀνάλυσις (análusis, “a loosing, resolution”), from ἀναλύω (analúō, “to unloose, dissolve”), made of ἀνα- (ana-) and λύω (lúō, “to loosen”).^[2]

An older verb, analisi, recorded from 1795, came from Modern Greek αναλύω (analýo) through its aorist subjunctive αναλύσω (analýso).^[2] DELR keeps it apart, while Tiktin gives it as an old form of this verb.^[2][7]

Earliest recorded meaning

DELR's first record is from about 1832, in the variant analisa, in a text of I. Golescu.^[2] Negulici's dictionary of 1848 explains it as making the analysis of a thing, taking it apart to learn what it is made of.^[9]

Semantic evolution

The DA separates the literal sense, a chemical analysis such as that of milk, from the figurative one, taking a whole apart in the mind.^[10] Odobescu imagines a book that would analyse in turn all the impressions hunting makes on the imagination.^[10] The same figurative use gave the analysis of a sentence, a text or a speech.^[10][3] MDA2 adds a musical sense, the study of a work's form and harmony, and CADE the reflexive a se analiza “to examine oneself closely”.^[4][11] DELR records autoanaliza “to analyse oneself” from 1932.^[2]

Timeline

• 1795 – the older verb analisi, from Greek.^[2][7]
• c. 1832 – the variant analisa, the first record of this verb.^[2]
• 1848 – analisare in Negulici's dictionary of neologisms.^[9]
• 1887 – in the edition of Odobescu's writings that MDA2 cites first.^[4]
• 1932 – autoanaliza “to analyse oneself”.^[2]

Meanings

Verb

1. To examine a whole or a phenomenon by looking at each of its elements: Comisia a analizat cauzele accidentului.^[3][4]
2. To examine a text from several points of view, as in grammar or style.^[3]
3. (chemistry) To determine the composition of a substance.^[3]
4. (music) To study a work for its form, content and harmony.^[4]
5. (reflexive) To examine oneself closely.^[11]

Word family

• autoanaliza

Related words

• analiză
• analist
• analitic

Usage notes

The present is analizez, analizează.^[3][1] The same spelling analiza is also the articled form of the noun analiză “analysis”.^[3]

References

1. ^ a b c d e Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
2. ^ a b c d e f g h i Academia Română, Institutul de Lingvistică „Iorgu Iordan – Al. Rosetti” (2011–), Dicționarul etimologic al limbii române (DELR), vol. I: A–B (2011), vol. II: C (2015–2018), București: Editura Academiei Române; continued online at delr.lingv.ro, p. s.v. analiză
3. ^ a b c d e f g DEX (2009), Dicționarul explicativ al limbii române [Explanatory dictionary of the Romanian language], Bucharest: Editura Univers Enciclopedic, p. 40
4. ^ a b c d e Academia Română, Institutul de Lingvistică „Iorgu Iordan – Al. Rosetti” (2010), Micul dicționar academic, 2nd ed., 4 vols., București: Univers Enciclopedic Gold, p. 1, 60
5. ^ Marcu, Florin; Maneca, Constant (1986), Dicționar de neologisme, 3rd ed., București: Editura Academiei Republicii Socialiste România, p. s.v. analiza
6. ^ Marcu, Florin (2000), Marele dicționar de neologisme, București: Saeculum Vizual, p. s.v. analiza
7. ^ a b c Tiktin, Hariton (2000–2005), Rumänisch-deutsches Wörterbuch, 3rd ed., revised by Paul Miron and Elsa Lüder, 3 vols., Cluj-Napoca: Clusium, p. s.v. analiza
8. ^ Wikționar (Romanian Wiktionary), ro.wiktionary.org
9. ^ a b Negulici, I. D. (1848), Vocabular romînesc de toate vorbele streine întroduse pînă acum în limba romînească și de toate cuvintele ce s-ar mai putea introduce încă, București, p. s.v. analisare
10. ^ a b c Academia Română (1913–1949), Dicționarul limbii române (DA), ed. Sextil Pușcariu, tom I (A–B, C, D–De) and tom II (F–I, J–Lojniță), București: Socec / Universul / Monitorul Oficial și Imprimeriile Statului; page scans at cflr-scans.solirom.ro, p. s.v. analiza
11. ^ a b Candrea, I.-A.; Adamescu, Gh. (1926–1931), Dicționarul enciclopedic ilustrat „Cartea Românească”, București: Cartea Românească, p. s.v. analiza