Etymologically

Etymology and origin of the Portuguese word mestria

Confidence
Probable
Formation
Derivation
First attested
1200s spelt maestria More words from the 13th century
Ultimate origin
Latin magister
Etymology tree
inherited borrowed derived
Latin magis
Catalan mes
French maie
French mais
Italian ma
Aromanian ma
Italian mai
Portuguese mais
Portuguese mas
Spanish más
Latin magister
French maître
Italian maestro
English maestro
French maestro
Romanian maestru
Italian mastro
Portuguese mestre
Portuguese mestria
Romanian măiestru
Spanish maestro
German Meister
From the same root
Latin mālō ← magis
French désormais ← mais
Aromanian macã ← ma
Italian giammai ← mai
Italian ormai ← mai
Latin magisterium ← magister
Latin magistra ← magister
Latin magistrātus ← magister
Latin magistrō ← magister
French maîtresse ← maître
French maîtrise ← maître
Spanish maestría ← maestro

Pronunciation

  • Brazil: /mesˈtɾi.ɐ/[1]
  • Rio-de-Janeiro: /meʃˈtɾi.ɐ/[1]
  • Portugal: /mɛʃˈtɾi.ɐ/[1]

Forms

mestria f (plural mestrias)[1] The oldest form is maestria.[2][3] Cunha records meestria in the 14th century.[4][3] Maestria is still in use beside mestria.[5][6]

Etymology

Houaiss derives it from Portuguese mestre (“master”) + -ia, through the old form Old Galician-Portuguese maestria, made on the old form of the noun.[7][2] Aurélio, Michaelis and DELPo give the same derivation.[6][8][9] Wiktionary and the Porto Editora dictionary allow a borrowing of Occitan maestria instead, and the DLP derives it from Italian maestria.[1][10][11]

The noun is from Latin magister (“master, teacher”), probably through Old French or Occitan, as the old forms Old Galician-Portuguese maestre and meestre suggest.[12][1] The Latin word is formed on magis (“more”) with a comparative suffix, like its opposite minister.[13][14]

Earliest recorded meaning

Houaiss dates it to the 13th century, and Cunha gives maestria in the same century.[7][4] The Cantigas de Santa Maria use it for skill or knowledge, in phrases such as per santa maestria “by holy skill”, and in the plural for tricks: connoceu as maestrias / con que ll'andava “he saw through the tricks he was using on him”.[3]

Semantic evolution

In the medieval language it meant skill, knowledge and craft, and also a ruse or stratagem; the Crónica Geral writes con gran maestria de guerra “with great skill in war”.[3] In the poetics of the troubadours a cantiga de maestria was one made by the rules of the art, without a refrain.[3][15][10] Houaiss records meestrias in the 15th century and the accented mestría in 1813.[7]

Today it means deep knowledge of a subject and great skill in carrying out a task;[7][11][8] Michaelis adds the rank or title of master.[7][11][8]

Timeline

  • 13th century – first record, as maestria.[7][4]
  • 14th century – the form meestria.[4]
  • 1513 – mestria in the Livro dos Mártires.[16]
  • 1723 – mestria in a private letter.[17]
  • 1813 – the spelling mestría.[7]

Meanings

Noun

  1. Deep knowledge of a subject, art or technique; mastery.[7][11][1]
  2. Great skill in doing something; perícia: Tocou a sonata com mestria.[7][6]
  3. The rank or title of a master.[8]

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f g Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
  2. ^ a b Houaiss, Antônio; Villar, Mauro de Salles (2001), Dicionário Houaiss da língua portuguesa, Rio de Janeiro: Objetiva, p. s.v. maestria
  3. ^ a b c d e Instituto da Lingua Galega, Dicionario de dicionarios do galego medieval (DDGM), ed. Ernesto González Seoane, Santiago de Compostela: Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, https://ilg.usc.gal/ddgm, p. s.v. maestria
  4. ^ a b c d Cunha, Antônio Geraldo da (2010), Dicionário etimológico da língua portuguesa, 4th ed., Rio de Janeiro: Lexikon, p. s.v. mestre
  5. ^ Aulete, Francisco Júlio Caldas, Dicionário contemporâneo da língua portuguesa (1st ed. 1881), online as Aulete Digital, Rio de Janeiro: Lexikon, https://aulete.com.br, p. s.v. maestria
  6. ^ a b c Ferreira, Aurélio Buarque de Holanda, Novo dicionário Aurélio da língua portuguesa, digital edition, p. s.v. mestria
  7. ^ a b c d e f g h i Houaiss, Antônio; Villar, Mauro de Salles (2001), Dicionário Houaiss da língua portuguesa, Rio de Janeiro: Objetiva, p. s.v. mestria
  8. ^ a b c d Michaelis: Moderno Dicionário da Língua Portuguesa, São Paulo: Melhoramentos (online as Michaelis Dicionário Brasileiro da Língua Portuguesa, https://michaelis.uol.com.br), p. s.v. mestria
  9. ^ NEHiLP – Núcleo de Apoio à Pesquisa em Etimologia e História da Língua Portuguesa, Universidade de São Paulo, DELPo: Dicionário Etimológico da Língua Portuguesa (online database), p. s.v. mestria
  10. ^ a b Porto Editora (2013), Grande Dicionário da Língua Portuguesa, Porto: Porto Editora, p. 6119
  11. ^ a b c d Academia das Ciências de Lisboa, Dicionário da Língua Portuguesa, revised online edition (2023–) of the Dicionário da Língua Portuguesa Contemporânea (2001), https://dicionario.acad-ciencias.pt, p. s.v. mestria
  12. ^ Houaiss, Antônio; Villar, Mauro de Salles (2001), Dicionário Houaiss da língua portuguesa, Rio de Janeiro: Objetiva, p. s.v. mestre
  13. ^ Glare, P. G. W., ed. (2012), Oxford Latin Dictionary, 2nd ed., Oxford: Oxford University Press, p. s.v. magister
  14. ^ Lewis, Charlton T.; Short, Charles (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press, p. s.v. magister
  15. ^ Universo Cantigas: Glosario da poesía medieval profana galego-portuguesa, A Coruña: Instituto da Lingua e Literatura (ILLA), Universidade da Coruña, https://www.universocantigas.gal, p. s.v. maestria
  16. ^ Centro de Linguística da Universidade de Lisboa, CTA – Corpus de Textos Antigos, https://teitok.clul.ul.pt/cta, p. s.v. mestria
  17. ^ CLUL (ed.) (2014), P.S. Post Scriptum: Arquivo Digital de Escrita Quotidiana em Portugal e Espanha na Época Moderna, Lisboa: Centro de Linguística da Universidade de Lisboa, http://ps.clul.ul.pt, p. s.v. mestria
Cite this entry

“Mestria.” Etymologically, 15 Nov. 2026, etymologically.com/pt/mestria. Accessed 16 Nov. 2026.

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