seditiosus

Forms

sēditiōsus (feminine sēditiōsa, neuter sēditiōsum, superlative sēditiōsissimus); first/second-declension adjective^[1]

Etymology

It is formed from sēditiō (“violent discord, rebellion”) with the suffix -ōsus.^[2][3][1] De Vaan lists ⟨sēditiō⟩ among the compounds of eō (“to go”), with the prefix ⟨sēd-⟩ “apart”, from Proto-Italic *ei- and Proto-Indo-European *h₁ei- (“to go”).^[4]

Earliest recorded meaning

Cato in a speech has “he began to speak seditious words”;^[2] de Vaan dates it from Varro,^[4] Köbler from Cicero.^[5]

Semantic evolution

It is given to or guilty of rebellion or mutiny, factious, as Cicero's states that put seditious men in charge, and of words and acts seditious, as in Cato.^[2][3] Of times and conditions it is full of civil strife or turbulent, as Cicero's clever men who left a turbulent life for quiet study.^[2][1] Wiktionary adds quarrelsome and troubled.^[1]

Church Latin glosses it “seditious, factious, mutinous, turbulent”, and as a noun “conspirator”;^[6] Köbler finds it in councils, formulae and the Bavarian law code.^[5] Döderlein makes sēditiō a political commotion arising from clear differences of opinion, unlike turbae and tumultus, which disturb public order and peace.^[7] English seditious (mid-15th century) is from it, partly through Old French.^[8]

Timeline

• 234–149 BC – Cato of seditious words.^[2][5]
• 81–43 BC – Cicero of seditious men and turbulent times.^[2][5]
• mid-15th century – English seditious is from it.^[8]

Meanings

Adjective

1. Seditious, mutinous, factious; quarrelsome.^[2][3][1][6]
2. Full of civil strife, turbulent; troubled.^[2][1]

Noun

1. (Ecclesiastical Latin) A conspirator.^[6]

Related words

• sēditiō
• eō
• tumultuōsus
• turbulentus
• English seditious

References

1. ^ a b c d e f g h Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
2. ^ a b c d e f g h Glare, P. G. W., ed. (2012), Oxford Latin Dictionary, 2nd ed., Oxford: Oxford University Press
3. ^ a b c Lewis, Charlton T.; Short, Charles (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
4. ^ a b de Vaan, Michiel (2008), Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages, Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series 7, Leiden; Boston: Brill
5. ^ a b c d Köbler, Gerhard (2010), Lateinisches Abkunfts- und Wirkungswörterbuch für Altertum und Mittelalter, online ed., koeblergerhard.de
6. ^ a b c Stelten, Leo F. (1995), Dictionary of Ecclesiastical Latin, Peabody, Mass.: Hendrickson
7. ^ Döderlein, Ludwig (1874), Döderlein’s Hand-book of Latin Synonymes, tr. H. H. Arnold, Andover: W. F. Draper
8. ^ a b Harper, Douglas. Online Etymology Dictionary, https://www.etymonline.com